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FAQs on Index: The Age of Industrialisation - Social Studies (SST) Class 10

1. What was the impact of industrialization on society during the Age of Industrialisation?
Ans. Industrialization had a profound impact on society during the Age of Industrialisation. It led to urbanization as people moved from rural areas to cities in search of employment opportunities. It also brought about significant changes in the social structure, with the emergence of a new working class and the decline of traditional artisanal occupations. Additionally, industrialization led to the growth of a consumer culture and the rise of mass production, which transformed the way people lived and interacted with goods and services.
2. What were the main factors that contributed to the growth of industrialization during this period?
Ans. Several factors contributed to the growth of industrialization during the Age of Industrialisation. Firstly, the availability of natural resources such as coal and iron ore provided the necessary raw materials for industries. Secondly, technological advancements, particularly in the field of machinery, improved production processes and increased efficiency. Thirdly, the expansion of transportation networks, such as railways and canals, facilitated the movement of goods and materials. Lastly, favorable economic policies and the rise of capitalism encouraged investment in industries and the accumulation of wealth.
3. How did industrialization impact the environment during this period?
Ans. Industrialization had a significant impact on the environment during the Age of Industrialisation. The increased use of fossil fuels, particularly coal, led to air pollution and the release of greenhouse gases, contributing to climate change. The rapid expansion of factories and urban areas also resulted in deforestation, loss of natural habitats, and increased pollution of water bodies. Additionally, industrialization created large amounts of waste and waste disposal became a pressing issue. Overall, the environment suffered as a consequence of industrialization.
4. What were the major challenges faced by workers during the Age of Industrialisation?
Ans. Workers faced numerous challenges during the Age of Industrialisation. Firstly, they often had to work long hours in unsafe and unsanitary conditions, leading to health issues and high mortality rates. Secondly, workers, particularly women and children, were subjected to low wages and exploitation by factory owners. Thirdly, the lack of workers' rights and labor laws meant that they had limited bargaining power and were vulnerable to exploitation. Additionally, the transition from rural to urban areas resulted in poor living conditions and overcrowding in cities, exacerbating social problems.
5. How did industrialization impact colonial economies during this period?
Ans. Industrialization had a significant impact on colonial economies during the Age of Industrialisation. European powers used their industrial superiority to extract resources from their colonies, leading to the depletion of natural resources in many colonial regions. This, in turn, disrupted traditional economies and forced indigenous populations into low-paying jobs in industries or on plantations. Industrialization also led to the development of a global economic system, with colonies serving as sources of raw materials and markets for manufactured goods. This unequal economic relationship further perpetuated colonial domination and exploitation.
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