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All questions of Sectors of the Indian Economy for Class 10 Exam

ATM is an example of
  • a)
    primary sector
  • b)
    secondary sector
  • c)
    tertiary sector
  • d)
    all of these
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Rohit Sharma answered
ATM is an example of tertiary sector which is also known as service sector. ATM is a machine whose full name is Automated Teller Machine. It was invented in 1960 by John Shepherd - Barron.

Public enterprises are owned by:
  • a)
    Individual owners
  • b)
    Government
  • c)
    Both government and individual
  • d)
    None of the above
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Alok Verma answered
A business that is either wholly or partially owned and operated by a government. State-owned enterprises are common throughout the world. 

Service is
  • a)
    tangible
  • b)
    intangible
  • c)
    both (a) and (b)
  • d)
    physical Product
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Yashika Singh answered
Intangible products and services include things like insurance policies, tax preparation services and cell phone service contracts. as i think option(b) is correct. hope it will help u:)

Converting iron ore to steel is a part of
  • a)
    primary activity 
  • b)
    secondary activity
  • c)
    tertiary activity
  • d)
    all of these
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

All industrial and manufacturing work comes under secondary sector and activities and converting iron ore to steel is an industrial activity. Hence it comes under secondary activity.

The service sector includes activities such as:
  • a)
    agriculture, dairy, fishing and forestry
  • b)
    making sugar, gur and bricks
  • c)
    transport, communication and banking
  • d)
    None of these
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Diana Nair answered
Service sector is also called as tertiary sector.It helps other two sector by providing them services like transport, communication, banking etc..
So the answer is C

The sectors are classified into public and private sector on the basis of:
  • a)
    Employment conditions
  • b)
    The nature of economic activities
  • c)
    Number of workers employed
  • d)
    Ownership of enterprises
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Radha Iyer answered
Industries in the public sector are owned by the government while those in the private sector are owned by entrepreneurs.

In Public sector, the government owns most of the assets and provides all the services.In the Private sector, ownership of assets and delivery of services is in the hands of private individual or companies.

Can you explain the answer of this question below:

Practice Quiz or MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions) with solutions are available for Practice, which would help you prepare for chapter Sectors of the Indian Economy, Class 10, SST. You can practice these practice quizzes as per your speed and improvise the topic. 

Q.

During the period between 1973 to2003, the production has increased most in the

  • A:

    primary sector

  • B:

    secondary sector

  • C:

    tertiary sector

  • D:

    all the three sectors

The answer is C.

EduRev UPSC answered
 The share of tertiary sector in employment (%) has also increased in last 30 years. In 1973, share was nearly 10 to 15% but it has increased from 20 to 22% in 2003. Though tertiary sector is not playing the role of providing employment over expectation, the primary sector continues to be the largest employer even in the year 2000. 

National Rural Employment Guarantee Act was implemented in which one of the following years?
  • a)
    2004
  • b)
    2005
  • c)
    2008
  • d)
    2009
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Aruna Singh answered
National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005. National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005 (or, NREGA No 42, later renamed as the "Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act", MGNREGA), is an Indian labour law and social security measure that aims to guarantee the 'right to work'.

Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follows:
There are many activities that are undertaken by directly using natural resources. When we produce a good by exploiting natural resources, it is an activity of the primary sector. Since most of the natural products we get are from agriculture, dairy, fishing, forestry, this sector is also called agriculture and related sector. The secondary sector covers activities in which natural products are changed into other forms through ways of manufacturing that we associate with industrial activity. It is the next step after primary. The product is not produced by nature but has to be made and therefore some process of manufacturing is essential. After primary and secondary, there is a third category of activities that falls under tertiary sector and is different from the above two. These are activities that help in the development of the primary and secondary sectors. These activities, by themselves, do not produce a good but they are an aid or a support for the production process. The various production activities in the primary, secondary and tertiary sectors produce a very large number of goods and services. Also, the three sectors have a large number of people working in them to produce these goods and services. The value of final goods and services produced in each sector during a particular year provides the total production of the sector for that year. And the sum of production in the three sectors gives what is called the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of a country. It is the value of all final goods and services produced within a country during a particular year. GDP shows how big the economy is.
Q. Which of the following statement is not true?
  • a)
    When we produce a good by exploiting natural resources, it is an activity of the primary sector.
  • b)
    The secondary sector covers activities in which natural products are changed into other forms through ways of manufacturing.
  • c)
    Service sector is also called the industrial sector.
  • d)
    None of the above.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Radha Iyer answered
The service sector, also known as the tertiary sector, is the third tier in the three sector economy. Instead of the product production, this sector produces services maintenance and repairs, training, or consulting. Examples of service sector jobs include housekeeping, tours, nursing, and teaching.

When we produce a good by exploiting natural resources, it is an activity of the:
  • a)
    Secondary sector
  • b)
    Tertiary sector
  • c)
    Primary sector
  • d)
    Organised sector
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Amit Kumar answered
When the economic activity depends mainly on exploitation of natural resources then that activity comes under the primary sector. Agriculture and its related activities are the primary sectors of economy. PRIMARY SECTOR is the economic sector that produce goods by exploiting the natural resources because it forms the base for all the products that are associated directly with land and water. Production of wheat, vegetables, milk , marble and coal are some examples of this sector.

Which was the largest producing sector in 1973?
  • a)
    Primary sector
  • b)
    Secondary sector
  • c)
    Tertiary sector
  • d)
    Public sector
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Priya Menon answered
It is involved with  agriculature and direct  use of natural resource. 
Examples : Farming,  apiculture, cattle farming, etc.

In which one of the following sectors, the production of a commodity is mostly through the natural processes ?
  • a)
    Primary
  • b)
    Secondary
  • c)
    Tertiary
  • d)
    Service sector
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Nikhil Saini answered
Primary sector of the economy is the sector that produces products through a natural process. It involves activities such as mining, crop production and animal husbandry. It involves lots of human labor used in the production of preparing the raw material before it goes into other sectors such as manufacturing for it to turn into consumable commodity.

GDP is the value of……….. produced during a particular year :
  • a)
    All goods and services
  • b)
    All final goods and services
  • c)
    All intermediate goods and services
  • d)
    All intermediate and final goods and services
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Anjali Kapoor answered
 
Gross Domestic Product
 (GDP) is the broadest quantitative measure of a nation's total economic activity. More specifically, GDP represents the monetary value of all goods and services produced within a nation's geographic borders over a specified period of time.

Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follows:
There are many activities that are undertaken by directly using natural resources. When we produce a good by exploiting natural resources, it is an activity of the primary sector. Since most of the natural products we get are from agriculture, dairy, fishing, forestry, this sector is also called agriculture and related sector. The secondary sector covers activities in which natural products are changed into other forms through ways of manufacturing that we associate with industrial activity. It is the next step after primary. The product is not produced by nature but has to be made and therefore some process of manufacturing is essential. After primary and secondary, there is a third category of activities that falls under tertiary sector and is different from the above two. These are activities that help in the development of the primary and secondary sectors. These activities, by themselves, do not produce a good but they are an aid or a support for the production process. The various production activities in the primary, secondary and tertiary sectors produce a very large number of goods and services. Also, the three sectors have a large number of people working in them to produce these goods and services. The value of final goods and services produced in each sector during a particular year provides the total production of the sector for that year. And the sum of production in the three sectors gives what is called the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of a country. It is the value of all final goods and services produced within a country during a particular year. GDP shows how big the economy is.
Q. Production of a commodity, mostly through ways of manufacturing is an activity of which sector?
  • a)
    Primary sector
  • b)
    Secondary sector
  • c)
    Tertiary sector
  • d)
    None of the above
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Radha Iyer answered
Manufacturing and Industry sector known as the secondary sector , sometimes as the production sector. The secondary sector includes secondary processing of raw materials, food manufacturing, textile manufacturing and industry. Examples of secondary industries include heavy manufacturing, light manufacturing, food processing, oil refining and energy production.

With so many thousands of goods and services produced, economists suggest that the values of goods and services should be used rather than adding up the actual numbers. For example, if 10,000 kgs of wheat is sold at Rs 20 per kg, the value of wheat will be Rs ____.
  • a)
    100,000
  • b)
    200,000
  • c)
    20,000
  • d)
    10,000
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Tanvi verma answered
Calculation of the value of wheat

Given:
- Quantity of wheat = 10,000 kgs
- Price per kg = Rs 20

Formula:
Value = Quantity x Price
Calculation:
Given Quantity = 10,000 kgs
Price per kg = Rs 20
Value of wheat = 10,000 kgs x Rs 20/kg
Value of wheat = Rs 200,000
Therefore, the value of 10,000 kgs of wheat at Rs 20 per kg is Rs 200,000. So, the correct answer is option B) 200,000.

What is the primary characteristic that differentiates the tertiary sector from the primary and secondary sectors?
  • a)
    It produces goods
  • b)
    It provides support and services
  • c)
    It focuses on agriculture
  • d)
    It manufactures products
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Nk Classes answered
The tertiary sector is unique because it provides services and support rather than producing goods. For example, transportation and retail services support the distribution of goods produced by the primary and secondary sectors.

Which of the following sectors includes workers who are often involved in informal or temporary employment?
  • a)
    Organised Sector
  • b)
    Public Sector
  • c)
    Unorganised Sector
  • d)
    Secondary Sector
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

The unorganised sector is characterized by informal or temporary employment, with workers often facing irregular income and lack of job security. This sector includes small-scale businesses and informal employment settings.

Choose the correctly matched pair:
  • a)
    Primary Sector - Construction
  • b)
    Secondary Sector - Manufacturing
  • c)
    Tertiary Sector - Farming
  • d)
    Organised Sector - Street Vendors
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

  • Option A: (a) Primary Sector - Construction
    This is incorrect. The primary sector includes activities related to natural resources, such as agriculture, fishing, and mining. Construction falls under the secondary sector, which involves manufacturing and building activities.
  • Option B: (b) Secondary Sector - Manufacturing
    This is correct. The secondary sector encompasses all activities related to manufacturing and industry, including the production of goods in factories. Manufacturing is a key component of the secondary sector.
  • Option C: (c) Tertiary Sector - Farming
    This is incorrect. The tertiary sector involves services such as retail, entertainment, financial services, and others. Farming is part of the primary sector since it involves the direct extraction of resources from nature.
  • Option D: (d) Organised Sector - Street Vendors
    This is incorrect. The organised sector consists of established businesses and industries that are registered with the government and follow regulations regarding wages, work hours, and conditions. Street vendors typically belong to the unorganised sector, which lacks formal registration and regulation.
  • Thus, the correctly matched pair is Option B: (b) Secondary Sector - Manufacturing.

What is disguised unemployment?
  • a)
    When workers are fully employed but underpaid
  • b)
    When workers are employed but their skills are not fully utilized
  • c)
    When workers are unable to find any work at all
  • d)
    When workers receive high wages but are overworked
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Disguised unemployment occurs when workers are employed but their skills are not fully utilized. This often happens in situations where more workers are employed than needed, leading to underutilization of labor. For example, if more people work on a farm than necessary, some workers may be underemployed.

Read the source given below and answer the questions that follows:
Rajesh works in a bank as a bank manager. He goes regularly to his bank and attends his bank services from 9.00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. He gets his salary at the end of every month. In addition to the salary, he also gets provident fund as per the rules laid down by the government. He also gets earned leaves, sick leaves and casual leaves. Apart from leaves, he receives medical and other allowances. Rajesh does not go to bank on Saturdays and Sundays. This is a paid holiday. When he joined bank, he was given an appointment letter stating all the terms and conditions of work and his job is secure. Ram is Rajesh’s neighbour. He is a daily wage labourer in a nearby grocery shop. He goes to the shop at 7:00 am in the morning and works till 10:00 p.m. in the evening. He gets no other allowances apart from his wages. He is not paid for the days he does not work. He has therefore no leave or paid holidays. Nor was he given any formal appointment letter saying that he has been employed in the shop. He can be asked to leave anytime by his employer if his job is not found satisfactory. His job is not secure. Rajesh works in the organized sector whereas Ram works in an unorganized sector.
Q. In the urban areas, unorganised sector comprises mainly of
  • a)
    Workers in small-scale industry
  • b)
    Casual workers in construction
  • c)
    Both (a) and (b)
  • d)
    None of the above
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Kiran Mehta answered
In the urban areas unorganised sector comprises mainly small-scale industry casual workers in construction trade and transport street vendors head-load workers garment makers ragpickers etc. All these workers constitute unorganized sector in urban areas.

Which one of the following is a public sector enterprise ?
  • a)
    TISCO
  • b)
    RIL
  • c)
    Indian Railway
  • d)
    WIPRO
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

1. Railways are cheap and very convenient mode of transport for long distances.
2. They help in transportation of finished goods or raw materials from one place to another. This helps in growth and development of our country.
3. Railway forms  a link between major cities of our country and travelling time has been reduced 
4. Railways are even capable of transporting bulky material like crude oil, coal etc  in large quantities.
5. Railway facilitates quick movement of troops, police, defence equipment etc.

Assertion (A): Setting up industries in semi-rural areas can help create employment opportunities for a large number of people.
Reason (R): Industries located in semi-rural areas tend to utilize local resources and provide job opportunities closer to rural populations.
  • a)
    If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
  • b)
    If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion
  • c)
    If Assertion is true but Reason is false
  • d)
    If both Assertion and Reason are false
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Gowri Mehta answered
Understanding the Assertion and Reason
The assertion (A) states that setting up industries in semi-rural areas can create employment opportunities for a large number of people. The reason (R) provided explains that industries in these areas utilize local resources, making job opportunities accessible to rural populations.
Evaluation of Assertion (A)
- True Statement: The assertion is true because establishing industries in semi-rural regions can significantly boost local economies.
- Job Creation: It leads to employment opportunities in various sectors, including manufacturing, services, and agriculture-related industries.
Evaluation of Reason (R)
- True Statement: The reason is also true as industries located in semi-rural areas often rely on local resources such as raw materials, labor, and infrastructure.
- Accessibility: This proximity enables easier access to jobs for the local population, reducing the need for migration to urban centers.
Correct Explanation Relationship
- Link Between A and R: The reason (R) effectively explains why the assertion (A) holds true. By utilizing local resources, industries not only foster development but also create a sustainable environment for job growth.
- Causative Effect: The establishment of industries leads to job creation, which is directly supported by the utilization of local resources.
Conclusion
Given that both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason correctly explains the assertion, the answer is option 'A'. This highlights the importance of strategic industrial placement in fostering economic growth and enhancing employment opportunities in semi-rural areas.

NREGA 2005 guarantees work for how many days in a year
  • a)
    100
  • b)
    120
  • c)
    150
  • d)
    90
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Notified on September 7, 2005, MGNREGA aims at enhancing livelihood security by providing at least one hundred days of guaranteed wage employment in a financial year to every rural household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work.

Read the source given below and answer the questions that follows:
Rajesh works in a bank as a bank manager. He goes regularly to his bank and attends his bank services from 9.00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. He gets his salary at the end of every month. In addition to the salary, he also gets provident fund as per the rules laid down by the government. He also gets earned leaves, sick leaves and casual leaves. Apart from leaves, he receives medical and other allowances. Rajesh does not go to bank on Saturdays and Sundays. This is a paid holiday. When he joined bank, he was given an appointment letter stating all the terms and conditions of work and his job is secure. Ram is Rajesh’s neighbour. He is a daily wage labourer in a nearby grocery shop. He goes to the shop at 7:00 am in the morning and works till 10:00 p.m. in the evening. He gets no other allowances apart from his wages. He is not paid for the days he does not work. He has therefore no leave or paid holidays. Nor was he given any formal appointment letter saying that he has been employed in the shop. He can be asked to leave anytime by his employer if his job is not found satisfactory. His job is not secure. Rajesh works in the organized sector whereas Ram works in an unorganized sector.
Q. Which of the following statement is not true with respect to organized sector?
  • a)
    Organized sector is registered by the government
  • b)
    In organized sector the workers enjoy the security of employment
  • c)
    In organized sector workers does not get several benefits
  • d)
    All of the above
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Amit Kumar answered
Organised sector is a sector where terms and conditions of employment are regular and as per rules and regulations passed by the Government. Employees enjoy the security of employment. In case they work more, they are paid overtime. The employees get paid leaves, provident fund, medical etc.

Choose the correctly matched pair:
  • a)
    MGNREGA 2005 - Right to Work
  • b)
    Organised Sector - Daily wage labourer
  • c)
    Unorganised Sector - Doctor in a hospital
  • d)
    Tertiary Sector - Farmer irrigating her field
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Seema gupta answered
Correct Answer: MGNREGA 2005 - Right to Work
The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) was enacted in 2005 to enhance livelihood security in rural areas.
Key Features of MGNREGA:
  • Right to Work: MGNREGA guarantees at least 100 days of unskilled wage employment in a financial year to every rural household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work.
  • Legal Guarantee: It provides a legal guarantee for at least 100 days of wage employment, ensuring that work is available to those who seek it.
  • Empowerment: The act empowers rural households and promotes social inclusion by providing work opportunities.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
  • Organised Sector - Daily wage labourer: The organised sector typically includes formal employment with benefits, while daily wage labourers often belong to the unorganised sector.
  • Unorganised Sector - Doctor in a hospital: Doctors in hospitals are usually part of the organised sector, often having formal contracts and benefits.
  • Tertiary Sector - Farmer irrigating her field: Farmers are primarily part of the primary sector, which involves agriculture and raw material production.

Conclusion:
MGNREGA exemplifies the "Right to Work" by ensuring employment for rural households, distinguishing it as a significant step towards economic security and social welfare in India.

How does the tertiary sector contribute to the development of primary and secondary sectors?
  • a)
    By producing raw materials
  • b)
    By providing supporting services
  • c)
    By directly manufacturing goods
  • d)
    By focusing on agriculture
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Aman kulkarni answered
Understanding the Tertiary Sector's Role
The tertiary sector, also known as the service sector, plays a crucial role in the development of the primary and secondary sectors. It provides essential support that enhances their efficiency and effectiveness.
Supporting Services
- The tertiary sector includes services such as logistics, transportation, and communication, which help in the distribution of raw materials and finished goods.
- Financial services, including banking and insurance, provide the necessary capital and risk management for businesses in the primary and secondary sectors.
- Research and development services contribute to innovation, improving production techniques in agriculture (primary) and manufacturing (secondary).
Enhancing Productivity
- By offering training and education, the tertiary sector helps develop a skilled workforce that can operate in primary and secondary sectors more effectively.
- Technical support services ensure that machinery and equipment used in production are well-maintained and upgraded, leading to increased productivity.
Market Access
- The tertiary sector also plays a vital role in marketing and sales, helping producers in the primary sector (like farmers) gain access to markets.
- Retail services facilitate the sale of products manufactured in the secondary sector, ensuring that goods reach consumers efficiently.
Conclusion
In summary, the tertiary sector is integral to the growth of primary and secondary sectors by providing a wide range of supporting services. These services not only enhance productivity and efficiency but also ensure that goods and services flow smoothly through the economy.

Choose the correctly matched pair.
  • a)
    Disguised Unemployment - Overemployment in the service sector
  • b)
    Primary Sector - Largest employer producing one-sixth of GDP
  • c)
    Tertiary Sector - Largest employer producing one-sixth of GDP
  • d)
    Secondary Sector - Producing the least GDP
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

  • Option A: Incorrect. Disguised unemployment refers to a situation where more people are employed than necessary, often in the agricultural sector, not specifically overemployment in the service sector.
  • Option B: Correct. The primary sector continues to be the largest employer in India, employing more than half of the workers, but it produces only about one-sixth of the GDP.
  • Option C: Incorrect. The tertiary sector is not the largest employer; it is the primary sector. The tertiary sector has seen significant growth in production but not as much in employment.
  • Option D: Incorrect. The secondary sector is not producing the least GDP. It has seen growth in industrial output, but its employment growth has not matched the production increase.

What is the main purpose of classifying economic activities into different sectors?
  • a)
    To confuse students
  • b)
    To analyze production and employment patterns
  • c)
    To limit job opportunities
  • d)
    To increase government control
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

The primary aim of classifying economic activities into different sectors is to analyze the patterns of total production and employment, enabling a better understanding of the economy's functioning and needs.

Read the source given below and answer the questions that follows:
Rajesh works in a bank as a bank manager. He goes regularly to his bank and attends his bank services from 9.00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. He gets his salary at the end of every month. In addition to the salary, he also gets provident fund as per the rules laid down by the government. He also gets earned leaves, sick leaves and casual leaves. Apart from leaves, he receives medical and other allowances. Rajesh does not go to bank on Saturdays and Sundays. This is a paid holiday. When he joined bank, he was given an appointment letter stating all the terms and conditions of work and his job is secure. Ram is Rajesh’s neighbour. He is a daily wage labourer in a nearby grocery shop. He goes to the shop at 7:00 am in the morning and works till 10:00 p.m. in the evening. He gets no other allowances apart from his wages. He is not paid for the days he does not work. He has therefore no leave or paid holidays. Nor was he given any formal appointment letter saying that he has been employed in the shop. He can be asked to leave anytime by his employer if his job is not found satisfactory. His job is not secure. Rajesh works in the organized sector whereas Ram works in an unorganized sector.
Q. Which of the following statements is an example of unorganised sector activities?
  • a)
    A teacher taking classes in a school
  • b)
    A daily wage labourer working under a contractor
  • c)
    A doctor in a hospital treating a patient
  • d)
    A factory worker going to work in a big factory
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

A labourer who is working under a contractor falls in the unorganized sector of employment. His employment does not have any rules and regulations, with low wages and no added amenities like paid leave, provident fund or mandated leaves.

On which of the following basis, the sectors are classified into public and private sector?
  • a)
    Employment conditions
  • b)
    The nature of economic activity
  • c)
    Ownership of enterprises
  • d)
    Number of workers employed in an enterprise
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Nipun Dogiyal answered
If the enterprise owned by the government it is called a public enterprise whereas if an enterprise is owned by a private individual it is called private enterprise. the ownership of a enterprise is the condition which decides whether an enterprise is public or private as the ownership decides the decision maker of an enterprise.

Read the source given below and answer the questions that follows:
Rajesh works in a bank as a bank manager. He goes regularly to his bank and attends his bank services from 9.00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. He gets his salary at the end of every month. In addition to the salary, he also gets provident fund as per the rules laid down by the government. He also gets earned leaves, sick leaves and casual leaves. Apart from leaves, he receives medical and other allowances. Rajesh does not go to bank on Saturdays and Sundays. This is a paid holiday. When he joined bank, he was given an appointment letter stating all the terms and conditions of work and his job is secure. Ram is Rajesh’s neighbour. He is a daily wage labourer in a nearby grocery shop. He goes to the shop at 7:00 am in the morning and works till 10:00 p.m. in the evening. He gets no other allowances apart from his wages. He is not paid for the days he does not work. He has therefore no leave or paid holidays. Nor was he given any formal appointment letter saying that he has been employed in the shop. He can be asked to leave anytime by his employer if his job is not found satisfactory. His job is not secure. Rajesh works in the organized sector whereas Ram works in an unorganized sector.
Q. In the rural areas, the unorganized sector mostly comprises of
  • a)
    Landless agricultural labourers
  • b)
    Small and marginal farmers
  • c)
    Sharecroppers and artisans
  • d)
    All of the above
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Gaurav Kumar answered
  • In the rural areas, the unorganised sector mostly comprises the landless agricultural labourers, small and marginal farmers, sharecroppers and artisans (such as weavers, blacksmiths, carpenters and goldsmiths).
  • In the rural areas, the unorganised sector comprises mainly of workers in small scale industry, casual workers in construction, trade and transport etc and those who work as street vendors, head load workers, garment makers, rag pickers etc.

Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follows:
There are many activities that are undertaken by directly using natural resources. When we produce a good by exploiting natural resources, it is an activity of the primary sector. Since most of the natural products we get are from agriculture, dairy, fishing, forestry, this sector is also called agriculture and related sector. The secondary sector covers activities in which natural products are changed into other forms through ways of manufacturing that we associate with industrial activity. It is the next step after primary. The product is not produced by nature but has to be made and therefore some process of manufacturing is essential. After primary and secondary, there is a third category of activities that falls under tertiary sector and is different from the above two. These are activities that help in the development of the primary and secondary sectors. These activities, by themselves, do not produce a good but they are an aid or a support for the production process. The various production activities in the primary, secondary and tertiary sectors produce a very large number of goods and services. Also, the three sectors have a large number of people working in them to produce these goods and services. The value of final goods and services produced in each sector during a particular year provides the total production of the sector for that year. And the sum of production in the three sectors gives what is called the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of a country. It is the value of all final goods and services produced within a country during a particular year. GDP shows how big the economy is.
Q. Match the following list of occupations with their sectors:
  • a)
    1 – (i), 2 – (iii), 3 – (ii)
  • b)
    1 – (ii), 2 – (i), 3 – (iii)
  • c)
    1 – (iii), 2 – (ii), 3 – (i)
  • d)
    None of the above
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Nk Classes answered
1. Workers in wood factory: Secondary industries are those that take the raw materials produced by the primary sector and process them into manufactured goods and products. Examples of secondary industries include heavy manufacturing , light manufacturing , food processing, oil refining and energy production.
2. Dairy: Primary industries are those that harvest or extract raw material from nature, such as agriculture, oil and gas extraction, logging and forestry, mining, fishing, and trapping.
3. Banking: Transport, banking, communication, trade, health, education and administration are important examples of tertiary activities. These tertiary activities help in the development of the primary and secondary sectors. So these are also known as support services.

Which of the following is a measure to address unirrigated land in the farming sector?
  • a)
    Setting up agro-based mills
  • b)
    Cooperative marketing societies
  • c)
    Procurement of food grains by the government
  • d)
    Construction of canals by the government
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Unirrigated land can be addressed by increasing water availability, which is typically achieved through the construction of canals. Canals help in irrigating land that lacks water sources, thus improving crop productivity.

Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follows:
There are many activities that are undertaken by directly using natural resources. When we produce a good by exploiting natural resources, it is an activity of the primary sector. Since most of the natural products we get are from agriculture, dairy, fishing, forestry, this sector is also called agriculture and related sector. The secondary sector covers activities in which natural products are changed into other forms through ways of manufacturing that we associate with industrial activity. It is the next step after primary. The product is not produced by nature but has to be made and therefore some process of manufacturing is essential. After primary and secondary, there is a third category of activities that falls under tertiary sector and is different from the above two. These are activities that help in the development of the primary and secondary sectors. These activities, by themselves, do not produce a good but they are an aid or a support for the production process. The various production activities in the primary, secondary and tertiary sectors produce a very large number of goods and services. Also, the three sectors have a large number of people working in them to produce these goods and services. The value of final goods and services produced in each sector during a particular year provides the total production of the sector for that year. And the sum of production in the three sectors gives what is called the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of a country. It is the value of all final goods and services produced within a country during a particular year. GDP shows how big the economy is.
Q. Which of the following is an example of tertiary activities?
  • a)
    Cotton
  • b)
    Transport
  • c)
    Sugar
  • d)
    All of the above
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Examples of tertiary activities include transport, networking, commerce, health, education and administration. The growth of primary and secondary sectors is assisted by these tertiary activities.

Choose the correctly matched pair.
  • a)
    Tailor - Tertiary sector
  • b)
    Courier - Primary sector 
  • c)
    Both A and B
  • d)
    Bee-keeper - Primary sector
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Nk Classes answered
d) Bee-keeper - Primary sector
Bee-keeper is engaged in the collection of natural resources like honey and beeswax, which places it in the Primary sector, as it involves activities related to natural resource extraction.
The other pairs are incorrect because:
a) Tailor - Tertiary sector: A tailor belongs to the Secondary sector as they are involved in manufacturing goods (clothing).
b) Courier - Primary sector: A courier is part of the Tertiary sector since they provide a service (delivery and transportation).
Therefore, Correct Answer - Option D

Which of the following is NOT a reason why workers in the unorganised sector are considered to be exploited?
  • a)
    Low wages
  • b)
    Lack of job security
  • c)
    High wages
  • d)
    Absence of medical benefits
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Workers in the unorganised sector are exploited due to low wages, lack of job security, and absence of medical benefits. High wages would not be a reason for exploitation.

Which of the following is a common feature of the unorganised sector?
  • a)
    High job security
  • b)
    Regular medical benefits
  • c)
    High wages
  • d)
    Lack of formal employment benefits
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

The unorganised sector is characterized by a lack of formal employment benefits such as job security, medical benefits, and regular wages. This results in the exploitation of workers.

Small-scale industry workers often face ____ and low-paid work.
  • a)
    irregular
  • b)
    regular
  • c)
    stable
  • d)
    unpredictable
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Small-scale industry workers often face irregular and low-paid work, highlighting the challenging and inconsistent nature of their employment within this sector.

Which sector includes jobs like teaching, banking, and transportation?
  • a)
    Primary Sector
  • b)
    Secondary Sector
  • c)
    Tertiary Sector
  • d)
    Unorganised Sector
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

The tertiary sector includes service-oriented jobs such as teaching, banking, and transportation. These jobs support other sectors and do not involve direct production of goods.

In the city of Surat, what percentage of workers are employed in small workshops usually not registered with the government?
  • a)
    15%
  • b)
    20%
  • c)
    50%
  • d)
    70%
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

In Surat, 50% of the workers are employed in small workshops that are usually not registered with the government. This contributes to the unorganised sector's large share of employment.

What does the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005 (MGNREGA 2005) guarantee?
  • a)
    50 days of employment annually
  • b)
    100 days of employment annually
  • c)
    200 days of employment annually
  • d)
    365 days of employment annually
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005 guarantees 100 days of employment annually to those who are able and in need of work in rural areas, aiming to provide job security and income support to the rural population.

What sector in India has emerged as the largest producing sector in 2013-14?
  • a)
    Primary sector
  • b)
    Secondary sector
  • c)
    Tertiary sector
  • d)
    Quaternary sector
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Nk Classes answered
The tertiary sector in India emerged as the largest producing sector in 2013-14, signifying a significant shift in the economy towards service-based activities over the years.

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