All questions of Non-Constitutional Bodies for BPSC (Bihar) Exam

The correct answer is option 'B': Only statement 2 is correct.

Explanation:
The Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) is an apex governmental body in India that addresses corruption in public administration. It was established in February 1964 on the recommendation of the Santhanam Committee, which was appointed to study the problem of corruption in India. The CVC was set up by an executive resolution of the Government of India and not by an Act of Parliament. Therefore, statement 1 is incorrect.

The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) is a constitutional body that conducts examinations for the appointment of civil servants in the Indian government. It has been granted a significant degree of independence and autonomy to ensure the impartiality and fairness of the selection process. Similarly, the Central Vigilance Commission is also granted a measure of independence and autonomy, but not to the same extent as the UPSC. The UPSC is a constitutional body, while the CVC is a statutory body. Therefore, statement 2 is correct.

To summarize:
- Statement 1 is incorrect because the Central Vigilance Commission was not set up by an Act of Parliament but by an executive resolution of the Government of India.
- Statement 2 is correct because the Central Vigilance Commission has been given a measure of independence and autonomy, although not to the same extent as the Union Public Service Commission.

Hence, the correct answer is option 'B': Only statement 2 is correct.

Isnt this statement is true that national commision is not a constitutional body..

Central Vigilance Commissioners and Vigilance Commissioners are appointed by President after obtaining the recommendations of committee consisting Prime Minister, Minister of Home Affairs and Opposition Leader of Lok Sabha

I have a doubt that ex officio members are not of the Secretary rank. kindly discuss @edurev

Statement 1: The National Human Rights Commission is the watchdog of human rights in the country.

The statement is correct. The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) is indeed the watchdog of human rights in the country. It is an autonomous public body responsible for the protection and promotion of human rights in India. The NHRC was established in 1993 under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993. It is tasked with the responsibility of inquiring into complaints of human rights violations, conducting research and promoting awareness about human rights.

Statement 2: The National Human Rights Commission is an independent body.

The statement is correct. The NHRC is an independent body. It is not under the control of the government or any other authority. The Commission is composed of a Chairperson and members who are appointed by the President of India. The Chairperson and members enjoy independence and security of tenure, which ensures their impartiality and autonomy in carrying out their duties. The NHRC is not subject to the control or directions of any government authority, and it functions independently to protect and promote human rights.

Explanation:
Both statements 1 and 2 are correct. The NHRC is indeed the watchdog of human rights in the country, responsible for protecting and promoting human rights. It is an independent body that functions autonomously and is not under the control of any government authority. The NHRC plays a crucial role in safeguarding human rights in India by investigating complaints, conducting inquiries, promoting awareness, and recommending measures for the protection of human rights.

Explanation:
The Central Information Commission (CIC) is an independent and autonomous body established under the Right to Information Act, 2005. It is responsible for ensuring transparency and accountability in the functioning of public authorities. Let's analyze each statement given in the question:

Statement 1: The Central Information Commission can order an inquiry into any matter if there are reasonable grounds.
The CIC has the power to order an inquiry into any matter if there are reasonable grounds. This means that if the CIC receives a complaint or comes across any information suggesting misconduct, non-compliance, or violation of the Right to Information (RTI) Act, it can initiate an inquiry to investigate the matter. The inquiry can be conducted by the CIC itself or by a designated officer.

This statement is correct.

Statement 2: The Central Information Commission has the power to secure compliance of its decisions from the public authority.
The CIC has the power to secure compliance of its decisions from the public authorities. Once the CIC passes a decision or order, it becomes binding on the public authority. The public authority is required to comply with the decision within the stipulated timeframe. If the public authority fails to comply, the CIC can take further action, including imposing penalties or recommending disciplinary action.

This statement is correct.

Conclusion:
Both statements 1 and 2 are correct. The Central Information Commission has the power to order an inquiry into any matter if there are reasonable grounds, and it also has the power to secure compliance of its decisions from the public authority.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 'C' - Both 1 and 2.

Explanation:

The Lokayukta and Uplokayuktas Act was first passed in Maharashtra in 1971 to establish a Lokayukta in the state. The Lokayukta is an anti-corruption ombudsman who investigates complaints of corruption against public officials and elected representatives. The Act was later adopted by several other states in India, including Karnataka, Odisha, and West Bengal.

Key Points:
- The Lokayukta and Uplokayuktas Act was first passed in Maharashtra in 1971.
- The Act established a Lokayukta in the state to investigate complaints of corruption against public officials and elected representatives.
- The Act has been adopted by several other states in India, including Karnataka, Odisha, and West Bengal.

Explanation:
Lokayuktas have not been appointed in all the States of India. This makes option A false. The correct information is that Lokayuktas have been appointed in only 21 States of India. This makes option D true.

The reason given in option R is correct. An independent institution is required to redress grievances of the people against the actions of civil servants. However, it does not explain why Lokayuktas have not been appointed in all the States. Therefore, option R is not the correct explanation of option A.

In conclusion, option D is the correct answer as it correctly states that Lokayuktas have not been appointed in all the States of India.

The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) is the premier investigating agency of India. It was established in 1963 by the Government of India through a resolution of the Ministry of Home Affairs. The CBI functions as an autonomous organization that investigates and solves high-profile cases related to corruption, economic offenses, and other serious crimes.

Establishment of CBI:

The CBI was set up by the Indian government through a resolution of the Ministry of Home Affairs in 1963. The resolution was passed under the Delhi Special Police Establishment (DSPE) Act, which was enacted in 1946. The DSPE Act was amended in 1964 to give the CBI statutory powers.

Functions of CBI:

The CBI is responsible for investigating cases related to corruption, economic offenses, serious crimes, and other cases of national and international importance. Some of the functions of the CBI are:

1. Investigating cases referred to it by state governments, Union Territories, and other agencies.

2. Probing cases related to economic offenses, such as fraud, embezzlement, and money laundering.

3. Investigating cases related to serious crimes, such as murder, terrorism, and organized crime.

4. Conducting joint operations with other law enforcement agencies.

5. Collecting and analyzing intelligence related to crimes and criminals.

6. Providing technical assistance to other law enforcement agencies.

Conclusion:

The CBI is a premier investigative agency of India that was established in 1963 by the Government of India through a resolution of the Ministry of Home Affairs. It functions as an autonomous organization that investigates and solves high-profile cases related to corruption, economic offenses, and other serious crimes. The CBI has been given statutory powers under the Delhi Special Police Establishment (DSPE) Act, which was enacted in 1946 and amended in 1964.

Power and Function of State Information Commissioner

The State Information Commissioner is responsible for ensuring the effective implementation of the Right to Information Act in the state. The powers and functions of the State Information Commissioner are as follows:

Inquiry: The commission can inquire into any matter on reasonable grounds. This includes complaints made by citizens, suo moto inquiries, and appeals against decisions made by the Public Information Officer (PIO) or First Appellate Authority (FAA).

Power of a civil court: During the inquiry, the commission has the power of a civil court. This means that it can summon and enforce the attendance of witnesses, receive evidence on affidavit, requisition any public record, and issue summons for the examination of witnesses or documents.

Disciplinary action: The commission can recommend disciplinary action against the errant official. This includes imposing penalties, initiating departmental proceedings, or recommending criminal proceedings.

Not examine information in custody of public authority: However, during the inquiry of a complaint, the commission cannot examine any information which is in the custody of a public authority. This is because the commission's role is to ensure that the public authority has provided the information requested by the citizen under the RTI Act. It cannot examine any other information that the public authority may hold.

In conclusion, the State Information Commissioner plays a critical role in ensuring transparency and accountability in the functioning of public authorities. By exercising the powers and functions conferred upon it by the RTI Act, the commission can ensure that citizens can access the information they need to hold public authorities accountable.

Explanation:

An Information Commissioner can be removed from office by the President on the advice/recommendation of the Supreme Court.

Role of the Information Commissioner:
The role of an Information Commissioner is to ensure transparency and accountability in the functioning of public authorities. They are responsible for the implementation of the Right to Information (RTI) Act, which allows citizens to access information held by public authorities.

Appointment of the Information Commissioner:
The Information Commissioner is appointed by the President on the recommendation of a committee consisting of the Prime Minister, the Leader of Opposition in the Lok Sabha, and a Union Cabinet Minister nominated by the Prime Minister.

Grounds for Removal:
A person holding the office of an Information Commissioner can be removed from office only if:

1. He/she is adjudged an insolvent.
2. He/she has been convicted of an offense which, in the opinion of the President, involves moral turpitude.
3. He/she engages during his/her term of office in any paid employment outside the duties of his/her office.
4. He/she is unfit to continue in office by reason of infirmity of mind or body.

Removal Process:
The process for the removal of an Information Commissioner is as follows:

1. An inquiry into the grounds of removal is initiated by the President. The President may either himself/herself inquire or refer the matter to the Supreme Court.

2. The Supreme Court, on receipt of the reference, conducts an inquiry into the grounds of removal. The Supreme Court must give the Information Commissioner an opportunity to be heard in person or by a legal practitioner.

3. Based on the inquiry, the Supreme Court submits its report to the President stating whether the Information Commissioner should be removed from office or not.

4. The President, after considering the report of the Supreme Court, may remove the Information Commissioner from office.

Therefore, it is the Supreme Court that recommends the removal of an Information Commissioner to the President. The President then acts on this recommendation and can remove the Information Commissioner from office. Hence, the correct answer is option 'A' - Supreme Court.

- Regional councils of Niti Aayog are indeed formed to address specific issues and contingencies impacting more than one state or a region. These councils serve as platforms for cooperation, coordination, and resolution of inter-state disputes.

- Regional councils of Niti Aayog are not formed for a specified tenure. They are permanent bodies that continue to function to address ongoing issues and promote regional development.
Therefore, the correct statements about regional councils of Niti Aayog are:
- 1. These are formed to address specific issues and contingencies impacting more than one state or a region.
- 2. These are not formed for a specified tenure.
Hence, the correct answer is option 'A' (1 and 2 Only).

Committee on Prevention of Corruption:

The Government of India appointed a Committee on Prevention of Corruption in 1962. The aim of the committee was to suggest measures to prevent corruption in the country. The committee was chaired by K. Santhanam, a former Chief Justice of the Punjab and Haryana High Court.

Members of the Committee:

Apart from K. Santhanam, the committee had the following members:

1. Ananthaswamy Ayyangar - A former Speaker of the Lok Sabha
2. P.V. Subbaiah - A former Chief Justice of the Mysore High Court
3. K. Hanumanthayya - A former Chief Minister of Karnataka

Recommendations of the Committee:

The Committee on Prevention of Corruption submitted its report in 1964. The report contained several recommendations to prevent corruption in the country. Some of the important recommendations are:

1. Setting up of a Central Vigilance Commission to investigate cases of corruption.
2. The need for legislation to regulate the conduct of public servants.
3. The establishment of special courts to try corruption cases.
4. The need for transparency in the functioning of government departments.
5. The importance of educating the public about the harmful effects of corruption.

Impact of the Committee:

The recommendations of the Committee on Prevention of Corruption had a significant impact on the fight against corruption in India. The Central Vigilance Commission was set up in 1964, and several anti-corruption laws were passed in subsequent years. The recommendations of the committee also led to greater transparency in government functioning and increased public awareness about the harmful effects of corruption.

Conclusion:

The Committee on Prevention of Corruption, chaired by K. Santhanam, played a crucial role in the fight against corruption in India. Its recommendations led to the establishment of the Central Vigilance Commission and the passing of several anti-corruption laws. The committee's emphasis on transparency and public education also helped to create greater awareness about the harmful effects of corruption.

The number of State Information Commissioners varies from state to state in India. Here is a breakdown of the number of commissioners in some of the major states:

- Uttar Pradesh: 10
- Maharashtra: 7
- Tamil Nadu: 4
- Karnataka: 4
- Delhi: 2
- Gujarat: 3

As we can see, the number of commissioners varies widely. The Right to Information Act, 2005 mandates that each state should have a State Information Commission to oversee the implementation of the act. However, the exact number of commissioners is not specified in the act. This means that each state has the flexibility to decide how many commissioners it needs based on factors like the volume of RTI applications and the workload of the commission.

Some states have more commissioners to handle a large number of RTI applications, while others have fewer commissioners due to a lower volume of applications. It is also worth noting that the number of commissioners can change over time as the workload of the commission changes.

In conclusion, the number of State Information Commissioners varies from state to state in India and is determined based on factors like the volume of RTI applications and the workload of the commission.

Answer:

The correct answer is option 'D': 5 years or until the age of 65 years, whichever is earlier.

Explanation:

The State Chief Information Commissioner is an important position in the field of information and transparency. The State Chief Information Commissioner is responsible for ensuring the proper implementation of the Right to Information Act at the state level.

The tenure of the State Chief Information Commissioner is determined by the provisions of the Right to Information Act, 2005. According to Section 13(5) of the Act, the State Chief Information Commissioner holds office for a term of 5 years or until the age of 65 years, whichever is earlier.

This means that the State Chief Information Commissioner can serve for a maximum of 5 years or until they reach the age of 65 years, whichever comes first. If a person is appointed as the State Chief Information Commissioner at the age of 60 years, they will serve for a period of 5 years. However, if a person is appointed at the age of 63 years, they will serve for a period of 2 years until they reach the age of 65 years.

This provision ensures that there is a fixed tenure for the State Chief Information Commissioner and also provides for a retirement age. This helps in maintaining the independence and impartiality of the office and prevents any undue influence or pressure on the Commissioner.

It is important for the State Chief Information Commissioner to have a fixed tenure so that they can carry out their duties without any fear or favor. This ensures that they can make independent decisions and take necessary actions to promote transparency and accountability in the functioning of the government.

In conclusion, the State Chief Information Commissioner holds office for a term of 5 years or until the age of 65 years, whichever is earlier. This provision ensures the independence and impartiality of the office and allows the Commissioner to carry out their duties effectively.

In which city is the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) Academy located?

The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) Academy is located in Ghaziabad.

Overview of the CBI Academy

The CBI Academy is the training institute for the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI), which is the premier investigative agency in India. The academy plays a crucial role in training and developing officers to handle various complex cases and maintain the highest standards of investigation and law enforcement.

Location of the CBI Academy

The CBI Academy is situated in Ghaziabad, a city in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. Ghaziabad is a part of the National Capital Region (NCR) and is located adjacent to the national capital, New Delhi. It is well-connected by road and rail networks, making it easily accessible for both trainees and instructors.

Reasons for choosing Ghaziabad as the location

1. Proximity to the National Capital: Ghaziabad's close proximity to New Delhi, the national capital, makes it a convenient location for the CBI Academy. It allows for easy coordination with other central government agencies and facilitates interaction with experts from various fields.

2. Infrastructure and Facilities: Ghaziabad offers a range of infrastructure and facilities required for a premier training institute. The city has well-equipped training facilities, accommodation for trainees and staff, administrative buildings, and other necessary amenities.

3. Security and Privacy: Ghaziabad provides a relatively secure and private environment for the CBI Academy. Being away from the hustle and bustle of the capital city, it allows for focused training and ensures confidentiality in sensitive matters.

4. Accessibility: Ghaziabad is well-connected to various parts of the country through road and rail networks. It has good connectivity to major airports, making it convenient for trainees and instructors traveling from different parts of India.

5. Cost-effectiveness: Ghaziabad offers a cost-effective location for setting up the academy compared to major metropolitan cities like New Delhi, Mumbai, or Kolkata. This enables efficient utilization of resources and infrastructure without compromising on the quality of training.

Overall, the choice of Ghaziabad as the location for the CBI Academy takes into consideration factors such as proximity to the national capital, infrastructure availability, security, accessibility, and cost-effectiveness. These factors contribute to creating an ideal environment for training and developing skilled investigators for the Central Bureau of Investigation.

Union List in the Seventh Schedule of the Constitution

The CBI (Central Bureau of Investigation) is included in the Union List given in the seventh schedule of the Constitution of India.

Explanation

- The Union List contains subjects on which only the central government has the power to make laws. These subjects are listed in the Seventh Schedule of the Indian Constitution.
- The CBI, being a central investigating agency, falls under the jurisdiction of the central government.
- The agency was established by the Delhi Special Police Establishment Act, 1946, which is a central legislation.
- The CBI investigates a wide range of cases such as corruption, economic offences, special crimes, and cases of national importance.
- The agency operates under the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances, and Pensions of the Government of India.

Therefore, the inclusion of the CBI in the Union List signifies that it is a central agency under the control of the central government and is empowered to investigate cases across states in India.

The institution of Lok Pal was established to protect and promote integrity in administration. Let us understand this statement in detail.

What is Lok Pal?
Lok Pal is an anti-corruption ombudsman that was first proposed in the 1960s by the Administrative Reforms Commission. It took almost five decades for the Lok Pal and Lokayuktas Act to be passed by the Parliament in 2013. The Lok Pal is a statutory body that investigates corruption charges against public officials, including the Prime Minister, Ministers, Members of Parliament, and bureaucrats.

Why was Lok Pal established?
The Lok Pal was established to counter the rampant corruption that plagues the Indian bureaucracy and public administration. Corruption in public life is a significant challenge for any democracy, as it undermines the trust of citizens in the government and prevents the effective functioning of public institutions.

What is the purpose of Lok Pal?
The specific purpose of the institution of Lok Pal is to protect and promote integrity in administration. The Lok Pal acts as an independent body that investigates corruption charges against public officials. It has the power to initiate investigations, search and seizure, and prosecution in corruption cases.

How does Lok Pal promote integrity in administration?
The Lok Pal promotes integrity in administration by investigating and prosecuting corrupt officials. The mere existence of the Lok Pal acts as a deterrent to corrupt officials, as they know that they can be held accountable for their actions. The Lok Pal also helps in building public trust in the government, as citizens know that there is an independent institution that is working to ensure the integrity of public officials.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the institution of Lok Pal is a crucial tool in the fight against corruption in India. Its specific purpose is to protect and promote integrity in administration, and it has the power to investigate and prosecute corrupt officials. By doing so, the Lok Pal helps in building public trust in the government and ensures that public officials are held accountable for their actions.

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The Central Information Commission (CIC) is an independent body established under the Right to Information Act, 2005. It is responsible for promoting transparency and accountability in the functioning of public authorities. The CIC has the authority to entertain complaints and appeals pertaining to offices, financial institutions, and public sector undertakings under the central government, state government, local government, and union territories.

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The CIC has the authority to entertain complaints and appeals related to offices, financial institutions, and public sector undertakings under the central government. This includes ministries, departments, and organizations that come under the purview of the central government.

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The CIC also has the authority to entertain complaints and appeals pertaining to offices, financial institutions, and public sector undertakings under the state governments. This includes state ministries, departments, and organizations that come under the purview of the state government.

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The CIC is empowered to entertain complaints and appeals related to offices, financial institutions, and public sector undertakings under the local government. This includes municipal corporations, municipal councils, panchayats, and other local governing bodies.

< b="" />Union Territories: < />
The CIC also entertains complaints and appeals pertaining to offices, financial institutions, and public sector undertakings in the union territories. This includes organizations and institutions that come under the purview of the union territories.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 'A' - 1 and 4. The Central Information Commission entertains complaints and appeals pertaining to offices, financial institutions, and public sector undertakings under the central government as well as the union territories. It does not have the authority to entertain complaints and appeals related to the state government or local government.

The State Information Commission submits its annual report to the State Government.

The State Information Commission is a statutory body established under the Right to Information Act, 2005. It is responsible for promoting transparency and accountability in the functioning of the state government and its departments. The commission acts as an appellate authority for grievances related to the right to information and has the power to impose penalties on public officials for non-compliance with the Act.

Role of the State Information Commission
The State Information Commission plays a crucial role in ensuring the effective implementation of the Right to Information Act. Some of its key responsibilities include:

1. Adjudication of Appeals: The commission acts as an appellate authority for individuals who are not satisfied with the response received from a public information officer (PIO) or the first appellate authority (FAA). It hears appeals and provides necessary orders to ensure that the requested information is provided to the applicant.

2. Resolution of Complaints: The commission also handles complaints related to non-compliance with the provisions of the RTI Act. It investigates the complaints, conducts necessary inquiries, and takes appropriate actions against public officials found guilty of not fulfilling their obligations under the Act.

3. Promoting Transparency and Accountability: The commission works towards promoting transparency in the functioning of government departments by conducting awareness programs, workshops, and seminars. It also advises public authorities on matters related to the implementation of the RTI Act.

Submission of Annual Report
As part of its mandate, the State Information Commission is required to submit an annual report to the State Government. This report encapsulates the activities, achievements, and challenges faced by the commission during the previous year. It provides an overview of the number of appeals received, disposed of, and pending, along with details of penalties imposed on defaulting officials.

The annual report serves as a means of accountability for the State Information Commission. It allows the State Government to assess the functioning and effectiveness of the commission in fulfilling its responsibilities. The report provides valuable insights into the implementation of the RTI Act, highlighting areas that require improvement and suggesting measures for enhancing transparency and accountability in the state government's functioning.

By submitting the annual report to the State Government, the State Information Commission ensures that it remains transparent and accountable in its own functioning. It also facilitates a collaborative approach between the commission and the government in working towards the common goal of strengthening the right to information and promoting good governance in the state.

Explanation:

State Information Commission Role:
- The State Information Commission entertains complaints and appeals related to offices, financial institutions, and public sector undertakings under the concerned state government. This includes addressing issues related to transparency, accountability, and access to information.

Independence of State Information Commission:
- The State Information Commission is considered a high-powered independent body. This independence is crucial to ensure that the commission can function effectively and impartially in handling complaints and appeals related to the right to information.

Therefore, both statements are correct. The State Information Commission plays a vital role in upholding the right to information and ensuring the accountability of public authorities. Its independence is essential for maintaining public trust and confidence in its functions.

Explanation:
The correct answer is option 'D', which includes all the mentioned individuals in the committee for the appointment of the chairman and members of the National Human Rights Commission.

Composition of the Committee:
- Speaker of the Lok Sabha: The Speaker of the Lok Sabha is a key member of the committee responsible for recommending the appointment of the chairman and members of the National Human Rights Commission.
- Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha: The Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha is also a part of the committee that makes recommendations for these appointments.
- Leader of the Opposition in the Lok Sabha: The Leader of the Opposition in the Lok Sabha has a significant role in the committee for selecting the chairman and members of the NHRC.
- Leader of the Opposition in the Rajya Sabha: Similarly, the Leader of the Opposition in the Rajya Sabha is part of the committee responsible for making these recommendations.
- Prime Minister: The Prime Minister is also included in the committee, adding to the decision-making process for the appointment of NHRC officials.
- Union Home Minister: Lastly, the Union Home Minister is a crucial member of the committee, contributing to the selection process for the chairman and members of the National Human Rights Commission.

Conclusion:
The appointment of the chairman and members of the National Human Rights Commission involves a committee comprising the Speaker of the Lok Sabha, Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha, Leader of the Opposition in the Lok Sabha, Leader of the Opposition in the Rajya Sabha, Prime Minister, and Union Home Minister. This diverse composition ensures a thorough and balanced selection process for these crucial positions.

Explanation:
The Government of India has established several institutions to check misconduct, malpractices, corruption, and misdemeanour on the part of public servants. These institutions play a crucial role in promoting transparency, accountability, and integrity in the functioning of the government. The institutions that have been set up for this purpose include:

1. Central Vigilance Commission (CVC):
The Central Vigilance Commission is the apex vigilance institution in India. It was established in 1964 to address corruption, misconduct, and malpractices in the government. The CVC is responsible for overseeing the vigilance administration in various government organizations and advising them on vigilance matters. It also conducts inquiries and investigations into allegations of corruption and recommends disciplinary action against public servants.

2. Lokpal:
The Lokpal is an anti-corruption ombudsman institution established under the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013. It has been set up to inquire into allegations of corruption against public servants, including the Prime Minister, Ministers, Members of Parliament, and officials of the central government. The Lokpal has the power to initiate investigations, conduct inquiries, and recommend punitive action against corrupt public servants.

3. Special Police Establishment (SPE):
The Special Police Establishment is the investigative arm of the Central Vigilance Commission. It was set up in 1941 to investigate corruption cases involving public servants. The SPE has the authority to conduct inquiries, collect evidence, and file chargesheets against corrupt officials. It works closely with the CVC to ensure the effective enforcement of anti-corruption laws.

4. Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI):
The Central Bureau of Investigation is the premier investigative agency in India. It was established in 1941 as the Special Police Establishment and was later renamed as the Central Bureau of Investigation. The CBI is responsible for investigating a wide range of crimes, including corruption cases involving public servants. It has the authority to register and investigate cases, collect evidence, and file chargesheets. The CBI functions under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances, and Pensions.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 'D' - 1, 3, and 4.

Removal of Chief State Information Commissioner:

Authority:
The Chief State Information Commissioner can be removed by the State Governor after an inquiry by the Supreme Court upholds the cause of removal.

Process:
- If there are allegations against the Chief State Information Commissioner, an inquiry is conducted by the Supreme Court.
- If the Supreme Court finds merit in the allegations and upholds the cause of removal, the State Governor can then proceed with the removal of the Chief State Information Commissioner.

Significance of Supreme Court's Inquiry:
- The involvement of the Supreme Court in the inquiry process adds a layer of credibility and impartiality to the proceedings.
- It ensures that the decision to remove the Chief State Information Commissioner is based on thorough examination and due process.

Role of State Governor:
- The State Governor acts on the findings of the Supreme Court's inquiry and initiates the process of removal.
- The Governor plays a crucial role in upholding transparency and accountability in the functioning of the office of the Chief State Information Commissioner.

Conclusion:
The removal of the Chief State Information Commissioner by the State Governor after an inquiry by the Supreme Court upholds the cause of removal is a mechanism designed to maintain the integrity and effectiveness of the position. It ensures that any allegations against the Commissioner are thoroughly investigated and addressed in a fair and transparent manner.

Those of the Chief Election Commissioner of India. They are entitled to a salary equal to the salary of a judge of the Supreme Court of India. They are also entitled to other allowances and benefits, such as a government-provided residence, a car, medical facilities, and travel allowances. The retirement age for the State Chief Information Commissioners is 65 years.

Understanding the Correctness of Statements about CBI
The question revolves around the status and governance of the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) in India. Let's analyze each statement to clarify why option 'B' (2 only) is correct.
Status of CBI under Ministry of Home Affairs
- The first statement claims that CBI enjoys the status of an attached office under the Ministry of Home Affairs.
- This is incorrect. CBI is not an attached office of the Ministry of Home Affairs; rather, it operates under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances, and Pensions. It was established under the Delhi Special Police Establishment Act of 1946.
Security of Tenure for CBI Director
- The second statement asserts that the Director of CBI has been provided security of tenure in office by the CVC Act, 2003.
- This statement is correct. According to the Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) Act, 2003, the Director of CBI is appointed for a fixed term of two years. This provision ensures that the Director cannot be easily removed, thus providing security and stability to the position.
Conclusion
In summary, while the CBI Director enjoys a protected tenure as per the CVC Act, the assertion regarding CBI's status under the Ministry of Home Affairs is incorrect. Therefore, the correct answer is option 'B' (2 only).

The correct answer is option 'C', the Parliament enacted a law conferring statutory status on the Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) in 2003.

The Central Vigilance Commission is an apex Indian governmental body created to address corruption and promote integrity in public administration. It was established in 1964 as a non-statutory body through an executive resolution of the Ministry of Home Affairs. However, recognizing the need for a more robust and independent anti-corruption institution, the Parliament passed the Central Vigilance Commission Act in 2003, conferring statutory status on the CVC.

The enactment of this law was a significant milestone, as it recognized the importance of an independent anti-corruption institution and provided the CVC with more powers and autonomy to carry out its functions effectively.

Key Features of the Central Vigilance Commission Act 2003:

1. Statutory Status: The Act conferred statutory status on the Central Vigilance Commission, giving it a legal basis for its existence and functioning. This elevated the CVC's position and increased its credibility and authority to combat corruption.

2. Functions and Powers: The Act defined the functions and powers of the CVC. It entrusted the Commission with the responsibility of superintendence over the functioning of the Delhi Special Police Establishment (DSPE), which investigates corruption cases under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988.

3. Appointment and Tenure: The Act outlined the procedure for the appointment and tenure of the Central Vigilance Commissioner and Vigilance Commissioners. The CVC is appointed by the President of India on the recommendation of a committee comprising the Prime Minister, the Minister of Home Affairs, and the Leader of the Opposition in the Lok Sabha.

4. Autonomy and Independence: The Act provided the CVC with greater autonomy and independence in its functioning. It ensured that the Commission could exercise its powers and perform its functions without any external interference or pressure.

5. Monitoring and Advisory Role: The Act empowered the CVC to monitor the progress of investigations conducted by the DSPE and other anti-corruption agencies. It also authorized the Commission to give advice to government departments and organizations on anti-corruption measures and policies.

Overall, the enactment of the Central Vigilance Commission Act in 2003 was a significant step towards strengthening the anti-corruption framework in India. It recognized the need for an independent and empowered institution to combat corruption effectively and provided the CVC with the legal backing and authority to fulfill its mandate.

The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) is a statutory body established in India to protect and promote human rights. It consists of a chairman and five members, making a total of six members.

The NHRC was established under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993. It is an autonomous body and functions independently of the government to ensure the protection and promotion of human rights in the country.

The members of the NHRC are appointed by the President of India. The chairman of the NHRC is a retired Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of India or a Judge of the Supreme Court. The other members of the commission include a retired Judge of the Supreme Court, a retired Chief Justice of a High Court, and two other members who have knowledge and experience in matters relating to human rights.

The composition of the NHRC with a chairman and five members ensures a diverse and inclusive representation in addressing human rights issues. The members bring their expertise and knowledge from the judiciary and other relevant fields, enabling the commission to effectively fulfill its mandate.

The NHRC has various powers and functions to protect and promote human rights. It can inquire into complaints of human rights violations, investigate matters related to human rights, visit places of detention, and take suo motu cognizance of human rights violations. The commission also has the power to recommend compensation to victims, initiate proceedings in the Supreme Court, and make recommendations to the government for policy changes.

In conclusion, the National Human Rights Commission consists of a chairman and five members. This composition ensures a diverse representation and expertise in addressing human rights issues in India.