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All questions of December 2024 for CLAT Exam

What key theme is addressed at the India Internet Governance Forum (IIGF) 2024?
  • a)
    Traditional farming practices
  • b)
    Space exploration initiatives
  • c)
    Cybersecurity and digital inclusion
  • d)
    Historical preservation efforts
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Aim It Academy answered
The India Internet Governance Forum (IIGF) 2024 addresses key themes such as cybersecurity and digital inclusion. These themes are critical as they relate to the safe and equitable use of the internet in India. The forum aims to foster dialogue among various stakeholders to ensure that the benefits of the internet are accessible to all, while also addressing challenges like data privacy and the regulation of emerging technologies. An intriguing aspect of the IIGF is its multi-stakeholder approach, which brings together government, private sector, civil society, and technical communities to collaborate on internet governance issues.

What is the primary goal of the Centre for Processing Accelerated Corporate Exit (C-PACE)?
  • a)
    To facilitate mergers and acquisitions of companies
  • b)
    To expedite the voluntary winding up of companies
  • c)
    To enhance corporate taxation processes
  • d)
    To promote foreign investments in Indian companies
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

The primary goal of C-PACE is to expedite the voluntary winding up of companies, aiming to streamline the process and reduce the time taken for corporate exits to under six months. By centralizing the removal processes and improving efficiency, C-PACE alleviates the burden on the Ministry of Corporate Affairs and makes it easier for companies to exit the market. This initiative is a significant step towards improving the ease of doing business in India.

What is the main objective of the 'Ab Koi Bahana Nahi' campaign launched by the Ministry of Women and Child Development in India?
  • a)
    To promote digital literacy among rural populations
  • b)
    To combat gender-based violence in India
  • c)
    To enhance internet connectivity in urban areas
  • d)
    To increase mobile connections across the country
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Aspire Academy answered
The 'Ab Koi Bahana Nahi' campaign aims to combat gender-based violence in India by promoting public accountability and action. Launched on November 25, 2024, to coincide with the global 16 Days of Activism, the campaign emphasizes the importance of addressing and reducing instances of gender-based violence, particularly in the digital space. This initiative is crucial as it seeks to empower women and create a safer online environment, thereby fostering equality and dignity.

What phases are included in the SLINEX 2024 naval exercise?
  • a)
    Land Phase and Air Phase
  • b)
    Harbour Phase and Sea Phase
  • c)
    Tactical Phase and Strategic Phase
  • d)
    Pre-Exercise Phase and Post-Exercise Phase
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Overview of SLINEX 2024
SLINEX (Sri Lanka-India Naval Exercise) is a biennial naval exercise between the Indian Navy and the Sri Lanka Navy aimed at enhancing interoperability and fostering cooperation in maritime security operations. The exercise comprises distinct phases, each designed to address specific operational aspects.
Phases of SLINEX 2024
The 2024 edition of SLINEX includes two primary phases:
  • Harbour Phase:
    - This phase focuses on planning, discussions, and logistical preparations.
    - It involves various activities such as briefings, workshops, and interactions between personnel from both navies.
    - The objective is to review operational procedures and improve understanding of each other’s capabilities.
  • Sea Phase:
    - This phase comprises practical exercises conducted at sea.
    - It includes tactical maneuvers, drills, and simulations that enhance the operational readiness of both navies.
    - Scenarios may involve anti-piracy operations, search and rescue missions, and maritime surveillance.

Significance
The Harbour and Sea phases are crucial as they not only improve tactical skills but also strengthen diplomatic ties between India and Sri Lanka. By engaging in collaborative exercises, both nations can effectively address common maritime challenges, ensuring regional stability and security.
In conclusion, SLINEX 2024's structure, combining the Harbour and Sea phases, plays a vital role in enhancing naval cooperation, making option 'B' the correct answer.

How can a weaker Indian rupee potentially benefit exporters?
  • a)
    By increasing import costs
  • b)
    By reducing the competitiveness of Indian goods
  • c)
    By enhancing the attractiveness of remittances
  • d)
    By decreasing market access to foreign countries
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Lekshmi Sharma answered
Understanding the Impact of a Weaker Indian Rupee on Exporters
A weaker Indian rupee can significantly influence the dynamics of export trade, particularly in the context of remittances. Here’s how:
Enhanced Attractiveness of Remittances
- Higher Value for Foreign Earnings: When the rupee weakens, the value of foreign currency remittances increases when converted to rupees. For example, if someone earns in US dollars, they will receive more rupees when sending money back home.
- Increased Disposable Income: This higher conversion rate means that families receiving these remittances can enjoy greater purchasing power, which can lead to increased consumption of goods and services, including those produced by exporters.
- Stimulating Local Economy: As remittance recipients spend more, local businesses, including exporters, can benefit from increased domestic demand for their products, potentially leading to higher sales and increased profitability.
Comparative Advantage for Exporters
- Lower Production Costs: Exporters may face lower production costs due to cheaper local inputs when the rupee depreciates. This can allow them to offer competitive pricing in international markets.
- Increased Demand for Export Goods: Buyers in foreign markets can find Indian goods more affordable, leading to increased demand, which can help exporters expand their market share.
Conclusion
Overall, while a weaker rupee presents challenges, it can also create a favorable environment for exporters through enhanced remittances and increased competitiveness in global markets. This dual effect underscores the complexity of currency fluctuations and their impact on trade dynamics.

Which conservation status is assigned to the Cape buffalo by the IUCN?
  • a)
    Least Concern
  • b)
    Vulnerable
  • c)
    Near Threatened
  • d)
    Endangered
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

CAPE BUFFALO:;
found in
Kenya and Botswana .  number of buffalo's still in the wild are
900 000 left.
IUCN
conversation list  cape [african] buffalo's , in the NEAR THREATEND.
EVEN THOUGH THERE ARE 900,000 [LEAST CONCERN] , THE CAPE BUFFALO IS  NEAR THREATEND .


What significant milestone was achieved by the United Nations General Assembly regarding cybercrime?
  • a)
    The creation of a new digital currency
  • b)
    The adoption of a legally binding treaty to combat cybercrime
  • c)
    The establishment of a cybersecurity fund
  • d)
    The appointment of a special envoy for digital rights
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

B)The adoption of a legally binding treaty to combat cybercrime
The UN General Assembly Adopts the Convention against Cybercrime. The convention adopted by 193 UN Member States by consensus, aimed at strengthening international cooperation to combat cybercrime and protecting societies from digital threats.

What was the percentage increase in the female Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) in rural areas of India from 2017-18 to 2022-23?
  • a)
    69%
  • b)
    65%
  • c)
    75%
  • d)
    41.5%
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Understanding Female Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR)
The Female Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) is a crucial indicator of women's economic involvement in the workforce. In rural areas of India, the LFPR reflects the percentage of women actively engaged in work or seeking employment.
LFPR from 2017-18 to 2022-23
- 2017-18 LFPR: The LFPR for females in rural India was significantly lower, indicating limited participation in the workforce.
- 2022-23 LFPR: By 2022-23, there was a notable rise in the participation of women in rural employment, showcasing improved economic conditions and opportunities.
Calculating the Percentage Increase
- Percentage Increase Formula: The percentage increase is calculated as follows:
(New Value - Old Value) / Old Value * 100
- Example Calculation: If the LFPR increased from 30% in 2017-18 to 50% in 2022-23:
- Increase = 50% - 30% = 20%
- Percentage Increase = (20% / 30%) * 100 = 66.67%
Conclusion
The reported percentage increase in the LFPR for females in rural areas from 2017-18 to 2022-23 is approximately 69%. This significant change can be attributed to various factors, including government schemes promoting women's employment, increased awareness, and socio-economic development initiatives.
This increase indicates a positive trend in women's empowerment and their role in the economy, paving the way for greater gender equality in the workforce.

What is the primary purpose of the "One Nation, One Election" initiative introduced in India?
  • a)
    To decentralize the electoral process
  • b)
    To synchronize national and state elections
  • c)
    To increase the frequency of elections
  • d)
    To eliminate political parties from the election process
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Arpita Pillai answered
Purpose of "One Nation, One Election"
The "One Nation, One Election" initiative aims to synchronize the electoral cycles in India, bringing national and state elections together. This approach is designed to address several critical issues within the electoral framework.
Key Objectives:
- Streamlining Elections: By holding simultaneous elections, the initiative seeks to reduce the frequency of elections, which can be disruptive and costly for the government and voters alike.
- Reducing Election Costs: Consolidating elections can lead to significant savings in terms of resources and manpower, as the same administrative machinery can conduct multiple elections at once.
- Enhancing Governance: With fewer elections, governments can focus on governance and development rather than being in a perpetual state of campaigning. This stability can lead to better policy implementation.
- Voter Engagement: Simultaneous elections may enhance voter participation, as citizens are less likely to feel fatigued by repeated electoral processes.
- Political Stability: Regularly timed elections can promote political stability, reducing the risks of mid-term elections that can lead to uncertainties in governance.
Conclusion:
The "One Nation, One Election" initiative is primarily about synchronizing national and state elections to streamline the electoral process, reduce costs, and enhance governance. By addressing these aspects, the initiative aims to create a more efficient and effective electoral framework in India.

What is the current conservation status of Wroughton’s free-tailed bat according to the IUCN?
  • a)
    Critically Endangered
  • b)
    Vulnerable
  • c)
    Data Deficient
  • d)
    Least Concern
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Aspire Academy answered
Wroughton’s free-tailed bat is classified as Data Deficient by the IUCN. This classification indicates that there is insufficient data to assess its risk of extinction, despite its previous status of being critically endangered due to a limited known population. This highlights the necessity for more comprehensive research to better understand its population dynamics and conservation needs. Interestingly, this bat species is primarily found in the Western Ghats, an area known for its rich biodiversity.

What unique feature distinguishes open prisons like the Sanganer open jail from traditional prisons?
  • a)
    Inmates have no access to family members
  • b)
    Inmates can live with their families and manage their own finances
  • c)
    Open prisons have a higher level of security
  • d)
    Open prisons are only for juvenile offenders
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Open prisons, such as the Sanganer open jail, allow inmates to live with their families and manage their own homes and finances through community jobs. This model is designed to facilitate rehabilitation by providing inmates with more freedom and responsibilities, which helps them reintegrate into society. An interesting fact about open prisons is that they encourage self-sufficiency and aim to reduce recidivism by preparing inmates for life outside of prison.

What challenge does the implementation of the POSH Act present for political parties according to recent discussions?
  • a)
    The ambiguous definition of "workplace" in the context of political organizations.
  • b)
    Lack of funding to establish Internal Complaints Committees
  • c)
    The absence of a legal framework to address political misconduct.
  • d)
    The overwhelming number of sexual harassment cases reported annually.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Aspire Academy answered
The main challenge in applying the POSH Act to political parties is the ambiguous definition of "workplace." Political parties do not fit the traditional employer-employee model, which complicates the establishment of Internal Complaints Committees (ICCs) necessary for addressing sexual harassment complaints. This has led to debates about whether political parties should be required to implement structures that comply with the POSH Act, highlighting the need for legal clarifications regarding their roles and responsibilities.

What is a significant property of milkweed fiber that affects its traditional use in spinning?
  • a)
    It is highly elastic and lightweight
  • b)
    It contains oily materials and lignin, making it brittle
  • c)
    It has a high tensile strength and is water-resistant
  • d)
    It can be dyed easily and retains color well
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Aim It Academy answered
Milkweed fiber possesses unique properties such as the presence of oily materials and lignin, which contribute to its brittleness. This brittleness makes it unsuitable for traditional spinning methods commonly used for other fibers. Instead, milkweed fiber is more effectively utilized in applications where its structural characteristics can be beneficial, such as in insulation or oil spill cleanup efforts. An interesting fact is that despite its limitations in spinning, researchers are exploring innovative uses for milkweed fiber in sustainable industries.

Which article of the Indian Constitution allows states to provide reservations for "any backward class of citizens"?
  • a)
    Article 15
  • b)
    Article 16
  • c)
    Article 341
  • d)
    Article 46
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Understanding Article 16 of the Indian Constitution
Article 16 of the Indian Constitution is pivotal in addressing the issue of reservations for "any backward class of citizens." This article is part of the fundamental rights enshrined in the Constitution, aimed at promoting equality and social justice.
Key Provisions of Article 16
- Equal Opportunity in Employment: Article 16 guarantees equality of opportunity for all citizens in matters related to employment or appointment to any office under the State.
- Reservation for Backward Classes: Clause (4) of Article 16 specifically empowers the State to make provisions for the reservation of posts in favor of any backward class of citizens. This is crucial in uplifting socio-economically disadvantaged groups.
- State Discretion: The article allows the State to identify backward classes and decide the extent of reservation based on social and educational criteria.
Importance of Article 16
- Promoting Inclusivity: By enabling reservations, Article 16 plays a significant role in ensuring that marginalized communities have access to government jobs, thereby fostering inclusivity.
- Social Justice: It is a step towards rectifying historical injustices faced by certain communities, contributing to the overall social and economic development of the nation.
Conclusion
In summary, Article 16 is instrumental in allowing states to provide reservations for backward classes, thus promoting equality and social justice within the framework of the Indian Constitution.

What is the primary goal of SpaceX's Starlink satellite internet service?
  • a)
    To provide internet access exclusively in urban areas
  • b)
    To offer broadband internet through a network of low Earth orbit satellites
  • c)
    To create a global telecommunications monopoly
  • d)
    To replace traditional fiber-optic internet services
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Lekshmi Sharma answered
Overview of Starlink
SpaceX's Starlink satellite internet service aims to provide high-speed broadband internet access across the globe, particularly in underserved and rural areas. This innovative solution utilizes a constellation of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites to deliver internet connectivity, overcoming many limitations of traditional internet infrastructures.
Key Features of Starlink
- Global Coverage: Starlink is designed to reach remote locations where conventional internet services are either unavailable or unreliable. This broad coverage enables users in rural or isolated regions to access the internet.
- Low Earth Orbit Technology: The satellites operate at lower altitudes compared to traditional satellites, which significantly reduces latency. This leads to faster internet speeds and better service quality for users.
- Scalability: The system can easily expand its satellite network to accommodate more users and provide enhanced services. As more satellites are launched, the overall capacity and coverage of the network improve.
Benefits Over Traditional Internet Services
- Accessibility: Starlink targets areas that lack traditional broadband infrastructure, making it a vital resource for education, healthcare, and business in remote communities.
- Competitive Speeds: By leveraging LEO technology, Starlink can offer speeds comparable to fiber-optic services, making it an attractive alternative for users who struggle with slow or unreliable connections.
In conclusion, the primary goal of SpaceX's Starlink is to revolutionize internet access by providing reliable and fast broadband service through a network of low Earth orbit satellites, primarily focusing on underserved areas.

What is the primary objective of the International Advisory Body for Submarine Cable Resilience?
  • a)
    To promote the use of satellite communication
  • b)
    To regulate internet service providers globally
  • c)
    To enhance the resilience of submarine cables
  • d)
    To develop new submarine cable technology
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Akshita Kaur answered
Primary Objective of the International Advisory Body for Submarine Cable Resilience
The International Advisory Body for Submarine Cable Resilience focuses on ensuring the reliability and security of submarine cable systems, which are crucial for global communication.
Importance of Submarine Cables
- Submarine cables carry approximately 99% of international data traffic.
- They connect continents and enable seamless communication for businesses and individuals.
Enhancing Resilience
- The body aims to improve the resilience of these cables against threats such as natural disasters, cyberattacks, and geopolitical tensions.
- It provides guidelines, best practices, and recommendations for stakeholders involved in submarine cable projects.
Collaboration and Stakeholder Engagement
- The advisory body fosters collaboration among various stakeholders, including governments, telecommunications companies, and international organizations.
- By working together, they can develop strategies to mitigate risks and improve the overall infrastructure.
Response to Emerging Challenges
- With the rapid expansion of digital services, the demand for robust submarine cable systems is increasing.
- The body addresses emerging challenges to ensure that these systems can cope with future demands and threats.
In conclusion, the primary objective of the International Advisory Body for Submarine Cable Resilience is indeed to enhance the resilience of submarine cables, ensuring they remain reliable and secure for global communication.

Which of the following strategies did Beijing implement to effectively reduce air pollution?
  • a)
    Retrofitting vehicles and expanding public transport
  • b)
    Increasing private vehicle usage
  • c)
    Reducing industrial regulations
  • d)
    Ignoring regional pollution sources
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Strategies for Reducing Air Pollution in Beijing
Beijing has faced significant air pollution challenges over the years, prompting the implementation of various strategies to combat this issue. Among these, option 'A' stands out as the most effective approach.
Retrofitting Vehicles
- Emission Controls: Retrofitting involves upgrading existing vehicles with modern emission control technologies. This helps reduce harmful pollutants released into the atmosphere.
- Incentives for Compliance: The government has provided incentives for vehicle owners to retrofit older models, encouraging the transition to cleaner technologies.
Expanding Public Transport
- Infrastructure Development: Beijing has invested heavily in expanding its public transportation network, including subways and buses. This provides residents with accessible alternatives to private car usage.
- Increased Ridership: With improved public transport, more citizens opt for these options over personal vehicles, leading to a reduction in traffic congestion and lower emissions.
Impact of Increased Private Vehicle Usage (Option B)
- Contradictory Effects: Increasing private vehicle usage would likely exacerbate air pollution rather than mitigate it, as more cars on the road contribute to higher emissions.
Industrial Regulations (Option C)
- Need for Stricter Measures: Reducing industrial regulations would potentially allow more pollution from factories, counteracting efforts to improve air quality.
Ignoring Regional Pollution Sources (Option D)
- Regional Cooperation Required: Air pollution is not confined to city boundaries; thus, ignoring regional sources would undermine Beijing's pollution reduction efforts.
In conclusion, retrofitting vehicles and expanding public transport have proven to be effective strategies in Beijing's fight against air pollution, demonstrating a commitment to sustainable urban development.

What technology is utilized in the Hyperloop system to reduce friction and enable high-speed travel?
  • a)
    Hydraulic systems
  • b)
    Magnetic Levitation (Maglev)
  • c)
    Steam propulsion
  • d)
    Internal combustion engines
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Pallavi Shah answered
Hyperloop Technology Overview
The Hyperloop is an innovative transportation system designed to achieve high-speed travel while minimizing friction. The key technology that enables this is Magnetic Levitation (Maglev).
How Magnetic Levitation Works
- Levitation: Maglev technology uses powerful magnets to lift the Hyperloop pod off the track. This eliminates contact between the pod and the track, thereby reducing friction to almost zero.
- Propulsion: The same magnetic technology is utilized for propulsion. Linear motors create magnetic fields that push and pull the pod along the track, allowing it to accelerate rapidly.
Benefits of Maglev in Hyperloop
- High Speeds: With reduced friction, the Hyperloop can potentially reach speeds of over 700 miles per hour, significantly faster than traditional transportation methods.
- Energy Efficiency: The reduced friction also means less energy is needed for propulsion, leading to a more sustainable and cost-effective travel solution.
- Comfort and Safety: The smooth and silent operation of Maglev technology enhances passenger comfort and reduces wear and tear on the system.
Conclusion
In summary, the use of Magnetic Levitation in the Hyperloop system is crucial for achieving high-speed travel. By eliminating friction through levitation and utilizing magnetic propulsion, the Hyperloop can offer a revolutionary alternative to current transportation systems.

How many personnel from the Indian Army are participating in the 18th edition of Exercise Surya Kiran?
  • a)
    250
  • b)
    334
  • c)
    400
  • d)
    150
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Mansi Mishra answered
Overview of Exercise Surya Kiran
Exercise Surya Kiran is a joint military exercise between India and Nepal, aimed at enhancing interoperability and mutual cooperation between the two nations' armed forces. This exercise is conducted regularly to address various aspects of military operations, including humanitarian assistance and disaster relief.
Participation Details
The 18th edition of Exercise Surya Kiran sees a notable participation from the Indian Army, with the following details:
  • Number of Indian Army Personnel: 334
  • Purpose: To strengthen military ties and improve operational coordination.
  • Location: The exercise takes place in Nepal, fostering camaraderie and joint training.

Significance of the Number
The choice of 334 personnel reflects a well-planned deployment to achieve the exercise's objectives:
  • Operational Readiness: An adequate number of troops allows for effective training scenarios.
  • Resource Management: Balances personnel strength with logistical support and safety.
  • Strengthening Bonds: A considerable contingent showcases India's commitment to Nepal and regional stability.

Conclusion
The participation of 334 personnel from the Indian Army in the 18th Exercise Surya Kiran is a strategic decision aimed at enhancing operational effectiveness and fostering strong ties between India and Nepal. This collaboration not only benefits both nations but also contributes to regional security and stability.

Which of the following statements accurately reflects the impact of marine heatwaves on marine ecosystems?
  • a)
    Marine heatwaves have no significant long-term effects on marine biodiversity.
  • b)
    They lead to increased adaptability of marine species to environmental changes.
  • c)
    They cause mass mortality of various species, disrupting the food web.
  • d)
    Marine heatwaves are primarily beneficial for fish populations.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Marine heatwaves serve as critical stressors on marine ecosystems, often resulting in mass mortality of species such as kelps and corals. This disruption leads to habitat degradation and affects the entire food web, showcasing the fragility of marine ecosystems in the face of climate change. As temperatures rise, many species struggle to adapt, posing serious challenges for biodiversity conservation.

What significant ecological impact was observed as a result of the 2014-2016 Pacific marine heatwave?
  • a)
    Decrease in freshwater fish populations
  • b)
    Mass mortality of seabirds, specifically common murres
  • c)
    Increase in plankton diversity
  • d)
    Expansion of coral reefs
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Wizius Careers answered
The 2014-2016 Pacific marine heatwave led to the mass mortality of over four million common murres, marking one of the largest die-offs of vertebrates linked to warming oceans. This event underscores the vulnerability of marine species to sudden changes in their environment, highlighting the interconnectedness of marine ecosystems and the far-reaching consequences of climate change.

Which season does the Teesta River experience its highest flow due to monsoon rains and glacial melt?
  • a)
    Winter
  • b)
    Spring
  • c)
    Summer
  • d)
    Autumn
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Aspire Academy answered
The Teesta River's highest flow occurs during the summer months, specifically from June to September. This is primarily due to the heavy monsoon rains that contribute significantly to the river's water volume, along with the melting of glaciers in the Himalayas. Notably, this season can lead to increased flooding and changes in the river's course, which are vital considerations in managing water resources and navigation in the region. Interestingly, the Teesta is also known for its diverse ecosystem, supporting various flora and fauna along its banks.

What percentage of patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) are categorized as obese?
  • a)
    10%
  • b)
    25%
  • c)
    50%
  • d)
    Over 50%
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Jyoti Sarkar answered
Understanding Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA)
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) is a serious sleep disorder characterized by repeated interruptions in breathing during sleep. One of the significant risk factors associated with OSA is obesity.
Obesity and OSA Statistics
- Studies indicate that over 50% of patients diagnosed with OSA are classified as obese.
- Obesity is defined as having a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 or higher, which contributes to excess fat around the neck and throat, leading to airway obstruction during sleep.
Mechanism of OSA in Obese Patients
- In obese individuals, increased fatty tissue in the neck can compress the airway during sleep.
- This compression results in decreased airflow, causing the characteristic apneas (pauses in breathing) and hypopneas (shallow breathing) associated with OSA.
Impact of Obesity on Severity
- The severity of OSA often correlates with the degree of obesity.
- Higher BMI values are linked to more severe forms of sleep apnea, leading to greater health risks such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and hypertension.
Conclusion
- The prevalence of obesity in OSA patients emphasizes the importance of weight management as a potential treatment strategy.
- Addressing obesity can lead to significant improvements in sleep quality and overall health for those suffering from OSA.
In summary, the correct answer is indeed over 50%, highlighting the strong association between obesity and obstructive sleep apnoea.

What trend was identified in the recent working paper by the Economic Advisory Council regarding domestic migration in India?
  • a)
    An increase in the number of international migrants.
  • b)
    A notable decline in domestic migration rates from 2011 to 2023.
  • c)
    A significant rise in urban-rural migration.
  • d)
    A consistent migration pattern with no significant changes.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

The working paper by the Economic Advisory Council to the Prime Minister indicates a notable decline in domestic migration in India, with the total number of migrants decreasing by 11.78% from 2011 to 2023. This trend suggests improvements in economic opportunities within smaller cities, reducing the need for individuals to migrate for better livelihoods. The findings reflect broader socio-economic changes and highlight the importance of data collection to inform policies addressing migration issues.

Why does the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) advocate for reforms in the Priority Sector Lending (PSL) framework?
  • a)
    To increase the fixed percentage of loans allocated to agriculture.
  • b)
    To adapt financial policies to emerging sectors and enhance economic growth.
  • c)
    To reduce the number of sectors covered under PSL.
  • d)
    To eliminate the need for Development Finance Institutions.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Navya Chavan answered
Understanding the Advocacy for PSL Reforms by CII
The Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) recognizes the need for reforming the Priority Sector Lending (PSL) framework for various reasons, primarily focused on adapting to current economic conditions and fostering growth in emerging sectors.
Importance of Adapting Financial Policies
- Dynamic Economic Landscape: The Indian economy is rapidly evolving, with new sectors such as technology, renewable energy, and startups gaining prominence. The existing PSL framework may not adequately address the financing needs of these emerging sectors.
- Enhanced Economic Growth: By advocating for reforms, CII aims to channel funds into areas with high growth potential, thus stimulating innovation and development in sectors that contribute significantly to GDP.
Benefits of the Proposed Reforms
- Resource Allocation: Reforming the PSL framework allows for better resource allocation, ensuring that financial institutions can support sectors that are crucial for the future of the economy.
- Flexibility and Responsiveness: A more adaptive PSL framework can respond more effectively to market demands, allowing banks to lend to sectors that require immediate support.
- Sustainable Development: By focusing on emerging sectors, the reforms promote sustainable economic development, ensuring that growth is inclusive and balanced across various industries.
In conclusion, the CII's advocacy for PSL reforms is driven by the need to align financial policies with the demands of an evolving economy, ultimately aiming to enhance overall economic growth and development in India.

How does the Basic Structure Doctrine affect amendments related to individual dignity in the Indian Constitution?
  • a)
    It allows any amendment regardless of its impact on fundamental rights.
  • b)
    It protects certain core principles, including dignity, from being amended.
  • c)
    It requires all amendments to be approved by the President.
  • d)
    It encourages frequent changes to the Constitution based on public opinion.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Aim It Academy answered
The Basic Structure Doctrine, established in the Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala case, maintains that certain fundamental features of the Constitution, including individual dignity, cannot be altered by amendments. This doctrine ensures that the core values of the Constitution are preserved, even as society evolves. An interesting aspect of this doctrine is its role in maintaining a balance between the need for constitutional flexibility and the protection of fundamental rights, thus safeguarding individual dignity against arbitrary governmental changes.

What role do fisheries extension services play in India's fisheries sector?
  • a)
    They primarily focus on overfishing regulations.
  • b)
    They facilitate knowledge transfer and promote sustainable practices among fish farmers.
  • c)
    They are responsible for the export of fish products.
  • d)
    They manage fishing quotas for commercial fisheries.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Fisheries extension services are crucial for facilitating knowledge transfer and promoting sustainable practices among fish farmers in India. They help bridge the gap between scientific research and practical applications, ensuring that fish farmers have access to the latest information and techniques to enhance productivity and sustainability. An interesting fact is that these services are vital given that the fisheries sector provides livelihoods for over 25 million people in India, highlighting its importance to the economy and community well-being.

What are the potential benefits of regulating opinion trading platforms in India?
  • a)
    Increased user engagement and participation.
  • b)
    Elimination of competition among platforms.
  • c)
    Higher revenue for the platforms without oversight.
  • d)
    Enhanced user protections and responsible industry growth.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Aspire Academy answered
Regulating opinion trading platforms could lead to enhanced user protections, which is essential in an industry that has seen rapid growth without dedicated oversight. A regulatory framework would help ensure that users are safeguarded against potential risks while allowing for innovation and responsible practices within the industry. Effective regulation can also help clarify the legal status of opinion trading, distinguishing it from games of chance and skill, which is vital for consumer trust and market stability. An additional point of interest is that countries with established regulations, like the U.S., have seen a more structured and secure environment for similar trading activities, allowing for both growth and protection of users.

What was the primary objective of the PM CARES Fund established in March 2020?
  • a)
    To provide tax benefits to corporations
  • b)
    To manage public health emergencies and enhance healthcare infrastructure
  • c)
    To fund military operations
  • d)
    To promote international trade agreements
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Akanksha Patel answered
Primary Objective of PM CARES Fund
The PM CARES Fund was established in March 2020 with a clear intention to address the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Its primary focus is on strengthening public health infrastructure and managing health emergencies effectively.
Key Objectives of the PM CARES Fund:
- Enhance Healthcare Infrastructure:
The fund aims to improve the existing healthcare facilities across the country, which includes the procurement of essential medical equipment, setting up of new hospitals, and ensuring that adequate resources are available to combat health crises.
- Support for Emergency Preparedness:
It serves as a financial reserve that can be mobilized quickly in response to health emergencies. This includes funding research and development for vaccines and treatments.
- Financial Aid for Affected Individuals:
The fund also provides assistance to those adversely affected by the pandemic, including frontline workers and vulnerable populations.
- Collaboration with State Governments:
The PM CARES Fund works in coordination with state governments and health authorities to ensure that resources are allocated where they are most needed.
Conclusion:
In summary, the PM CARES Fund was specifically created to bolster India's capacity to deal with public health emergencies, making option 'B' the correct choice. The focus on enhancing healthcare infrastructure reflects the urgent need for a robust response to the COVID-19 crisis and future health challenges.

What is the primary focus of the International Day of Epidemic Preparedness?
  • a)
    To celebrate scientific achievements in medicine
  • b)
    To emphasize the importance of prevention, preparedness, and partnership against epidemics
  • c)
    To recognize the contributions of healthcare workers worldwide
  • d)
    To promote international travel and tourism safety
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Aim It Academy answered
The International Day of Epidemic Preparedness emphasizes the critical importance of prevention, preparedness, and partnership in combating epidemics. This day highlights the necessity for nations to strengthen their healthcare systems to effectively manage and respond to health crises. An interesting fact is that the first observance of this day was initiated by the United Nations General Assembly in 2020, reflecting a global commitment to enhancing health resilience and equity in response to potential epidemic threats.

According to the Household Consumption Expenditure Survey (HCES) for 2023-24, which of the following trends was observed in rural consumption?
  • a)
    Decrease in monthly per capita consumption expenditure
  • b)
    An increase in the share of food expenditure
  • c)
    A rise in the urban-rural consumption gap
  • d)
    Significant decline in spending on beverages
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Aim It Academy answered
The HCES 2023-24 revealed that the share of food expenditure in rural households increased to 47.04%, reversing a long-term decline. This trend indicates changing dietary preferences and highlights the importance of food security and nutrition in rural economic conditions. Factors such as rising incomes and changing lifestyles may contribute to these shifts in spending patterns.

What is the primary aim of the Exercise Surya Kiran conducted annually between India and Nepal?
  • a)
    To engage in naval operations in the Indian Ocean
  • b)
    To enhance interoperability in jungle warfare and counter-terrorism operations
  • c)
    To conduct joint air patrols across the Himalayan region
  • d)
    To participate in humanitarian missions in urban areas
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

The primary aim of Exercise Surya Kiran is to enhance interoperability in areas such as jungle warfare and counter-terrorism operations. This bilateral military exercise allows both the Indian Army and Nepal Army to improve their operational capabilities and coordination in challenging terrains, fostering greater readiness to tackle security threats effectively.

What architectural feature distinguishes Notre-Dame Cathedral from other Gothic cathedrals?
  • a)
    Its use of Romanesque elements.
  • b)
    Its large stained-glass windows showcasing naturalism.
  • c)
    Its construction entirely in the Gothic style.
  • d)
    Its unique circular dome structure.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Arpita Pillai answered
Distinctive Architectural Feature of Notre-Dame Cathedral
Notre-Dame Cathedral, a quintessential example of French Gothic architecture, is renowned for several features, but its large stained-glass windows showcasing naturalism set it apart from other Gothic cathedrals.
Importance of Stained-Glass Windows
- Naturalism in Design: The stained-glass windows of Notre-Dame Cathedral are celebrated for their intricate designs that depict biblical narratives and saints with a remarkable degree of naturalism. This approach to storytelling through art was innovative for its time.
- Use of Light: The large windows are designed to allow natural light to flood the interior, creating a spiritual atmosphere. The interplay of light and color transforms the space, enhancing the overall aesthetic experience.
- Iconography: The windows serve not only as decorative elements but also as educational tools, illustrating religious stories to an largely illiterate populace during the medieval period. Each window is a narrative in itself, enriching the viewer’s understanding of Christian theology.
Comparison with Other Gothic Cathedrals
- Unique Integration: While many Gothic cathedrals feature stained-glass windows, Notre-Dame's combination of size, detail, and naturalism in its designs is particularly exceptional. Cathedrals like Chartres or Reims also have beautiful stained glass, but Notre-Dame’s windows are noted for their narrative clarity and artistic expression.
- Evolution of Style: The evolution of Gothic architecture often included experimentation with light and color, but Notre-Dame's windows exemplify this trend at its peak, marking a significant moment in the transition from early to high Gothic styles.
In summary, Notre-Dame Cathedral's large stained-glass windows, rich in naturalism and narrative depth, distinctly characterize its architectural identity, setting it apart from its Gothic counterparts.

Which of the following factors is identified as the leading cause of road accidents in India?
  • a)
    Poor weather conditions
  • b)
    Human error
  • c)
    Vehicle malfunction
  • d)
    Lack of traffic signals
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Akanksha Patel answered
Leading Cause of Road Accidents in India: Human Error
Road accidents in India are a significant concern, and various studies have identified human error as the predominant factor contributing to these incidents.
Understanding Human Error
- Driver Behavior: A large percentage of accidents occur due to reckless driving, speeding, and driver fatigue.
- Distraction: Use of mobile phones while driving and other distractions significantly increase the risk of accidents.
- Poor Decision Making: Many accidents result from poor judgments, such as miscalculating distances or failing to yield at intersections.
Statistics Highlighting the Impact
- Accident Rates: Reports suggest that over 80% of road accidents in India are attributable to human error, emphasizing the need for behavioral change.
- Fatalities: The majority of road fatalities are linked to driver negligence, reinforcing the urgency of addressing human error in traffic safety measures.
Comparison with Other Factors
- Weather Conditions: While poor weather can contribute to accidents, it is less frequent compared to the impact of human decisions.
- Vehicle Malfunction: Although vehicle issues can lead to accidents, they are less common than mistakes made by drivers.
- Traffic Signals: Lack of traffic signals can create chaotic situations, but the behavior of drivers often plays a more decisive role in accidents.
Conclusion
Addressing human error through education, stricter enforcement of traffic laws, and public awareness campaigns is crucial for improving road safety in India. By focusing on enhancing driver behavior, the country can significantly reduce the number of accidents and save lives.

How do GLP-1 receptor agonists function in the body?
  • a)
    They increase glucagon levels to raise blood sugar
  • b)
    They mimic the action of GLP-1 to enhance insulin secretion
  • c)
    They inhibit appetite by blocking all hormonal signals
  • d)
    They promote lipid metabolism by reducing insulin sensitivity
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Aspire Academy answered
GLP-1 receptor agonists function by mimicking the natural hormone GLP-1, which is crucial for regulating appetite and blood sugar levels. When these medications bind to GLP-1 receptors, they stimulate insulin secretion and reduce glucagon release, leading to better blood sugar control. This mechanism not only aids in diabetes management but also supports weight loss, making these drugs a significant advancement in treating obesity and related metabolic disorders. An interesting fact is that these medications are typically administered via injection, highlighting their potency and targeted delivery in managing metabolic health.

What guidelines did the Kerala High Court set for the Thrissur Pooram festival to ensure safety?
  • a)
    Allow elephants to participate without restrictions
  • b)
    Maintain a minimum distance of 3 meters between elephants and the public
  • c)
    Permit fireworks within 50 meters of elephants
  • d)
    Require elephants to perform daily without rest
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Guidelines Set by the Kerala High Court for Thrissur Pooram Festival
The Kerala High Court established specific guidelines to ensure the safety of both the participants and the public during the Thrissur Pooram festival, particularly concerning the involvement of elephants.
Safety Measures for Elephants
- The court mandated maintaining a minimum distance of 3 meters between elephants and the public. This measure is crucial for preventing any potential accidents or injuries that could occur due to the unpredictable behavior of elephants in crowded settings.
Public Safety Considerations
- Ensuring that elephants are not in close proximity to large crowds minimizes the risk of trampling or other dangerous interactions. This guideline helps in safeguarding both the animals and festival-goers, making the event more enjoyable for everyone.
Fireworks Regulation
- The court also addressed the use of fireworks during the festival, stating that they should not be permitted within 50 meters of elephants. This is vital to avoid startling the animals, which can lead to panic and dangerous situations.
Overall Impact
- By implementing these guidelines, the Kerala High Court aims to create a safer environment during the Thrissur Pooram festival. The focus on maintaining distance and regulating fireworks reflects a commitment to the welfare of elephants and the safety of participants and spectators alike.
These measures are essential for preserving the cultural significance of the festival while prioritizing the safety and well-being of all involved.

What was the main reason for India's cautious stance regarding the proposed treaty on crimes against humanity?
  • a)
    India prefers to maintain national jurisdiction over international jurisdiction.
  • b)
    India has a strong legal framework for addressing such crimes.
  • c)
    India supports the ICC's authority over all countries.
  • d)
    India has ratified the Rome Statute.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

India's Cautious Stance on the Proposed Treaty
India's approach to the proposed treaty on crimes against humanity reflects its commitment to national sovereignty and jurisdiction.
Main Reason: National Jurisdiction
- Preference for National Jurisdiction: India prioritizes its own legal frameworks and institutions over the imposition of international jurisdiction. This stems from a belief that each nation is best positioned to address its own legal matters, including serious crimes such as those against humanity.
- Concerns about Sovereignty: By maintaining national jurisdiction, India seeks to preserve its sovereignty and avoid potential overreach by international bodies. This is particularly important given India's diverse legal landscape and socio-political context.
Legal Framework and ICC Relations
- Strong Legal Framework: While India does have provisions in its legal system to address crimes against humanity, it emphasizes the importance of using its own laws and procedures rather than relying on international mechanisms.
- Cautious Engagement with ICC: India's cautious stance is also influenced by its relationship with the International Criminal Court (ICC). India has not ratified the Rome Statute, which signifies its hesitance to fully commit to international jurisdiction over national legal authority.
Conclusion
In summary, India's main reason for its cautious stance on the treaty is its preference for maintaining national jurisdiction. This reflects broader concerns about sovereignty, the effectiveness of national legal systems, and the implications of international oversight.

Which of the following principles is NOT a fundamental aspect of the Indian Constitution aimed at protecting individual rights?
  • a)
    Equality before the law
  • b)
    Separation of powers
  • c)
    Promotion of caste-based reservations
  • d)
    Fundamental rights
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Mansi Mishra answered
Understanding the Indian Constitution's Principles
The Indian Constitution is designed to uphold individual rights and promote social justice. The options provided reflect various principles embedded in the Constitution. Let’s analyze why option 'C', promotion of caste-based reservations, is NOT a fundamental aspect aimed at protecting individual rights.
1. Equality Before the Law
- This principle ensures that every individual is treated equally in the eyes of the law, without any discrimination.
- It promotes fairness and justice, safeguarding individual rights against arbitrary actions.
2. Separation of Powers
- This principle divides government responsibilities into distinct branches: Executive, Legislature, and Judiciary.
- It prevents the concentration of power and protects individual rights by ensuring checks and balances.
3. Fundamental Rights
- Fundamental Rights are enshrined in Part III of the Constitution to guarantee various freedoms and protections to individuals.
- These rights include the right to equality, freedom of speech, and protection against discrimination, thereby securing individual liberties.
4. Promotion of Caste-Based Reservations
- Caste-based reservations are implemented to uplift historically marginalized communities and address social inequalities.
- While this initiative aims for social justice, it is not a fundamental right. Instead, it is a temporary measure to achieve equality and integration in society.
Conclusion
In summary, principles like equality before the law, separation of powers, and fundamental rights are core aspects of the Indian Constitution focused on protecting individual rights. In contrast, the promotion of caste-based reservations, while significant for social equity, does not directly align with the fundamental rights framework aimed at individual protection.

How have the terms of trade (ToT) shifted for agricultural laborers compared to farmers in recent years?
  • a)
    Laborers' ToT has decreased while farmers' has increased
  • b)
    Both laborers' and farmers' ToT have remained the same
  • c)
    Laborers' ToT has improved significantly, while farmers' has declined
  • d)
    Farmers' ToT has improved more than laborers'
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

The terms of trade for agricultural laborers have improved significantly compared to farmers. Over the past two decades, while agricultural wages for laborers have risen faster than inflation, farmers have seen their incomes stagnate as crop prices have not kept pace with the rising costs of inputs. This shift indicates that laborers are gaining economic power, while farmers face increasing financial pressures. An additional fact is that this change can lead to labor shortages in agriculture, as more laborers may opt for better-paying opportunities outside the sector.

What is the main purpose of the recent amendment to Rule 93 of the Conduct of Election Rules, 1961?
  • a)
    To increase public access to all electoral documents
  • b)
    To enhance voter privacy and prevent misuse of sensitive records
  • c)
    To allow non-candidates to access all election materials
  • d)
    To eliminate the need for court permission to access election-related documents
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

The recent amendment to Rule 93 aims to enhance voter privacy and prevent the misuse of sensitive electronic records. By restricting access to only specific documents, the government intends to safeguard personal information and maintain the integrity of the electoral process. This change stems from concerns about potential manipulation and privacy breaches, particularly in sensitive regions. The amendment has sparked debate regarding its impact on transparency, but its primary goal is to protect voter security.

What technological achievement does the SpaDeX mission signify for India in the context of space exploration?
  • a)
    The successful landing of a spacecraft on Mars.
  • b)
    The establishment of a permanent lunar base.
  • c)
    The development of in-space docking capabilities.
  • d)
    The creation of a new satellite navigation system.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

The SpaDeX mission marks India's entry into the elite group of nations capable of in-space docking, which is crucial for future space missions, such as assembling spacecraft in orbit and conducting lunar exploration. This accomplishment not only showcases India's advancing space technology but also lays the groundwork for future endeavors, including the planned establishment of a space station. An interesting fact is that with this capability, India is now among only four countries—along with the United States, Russia, and China—that can perform such advanced space operations.

What is the primary objective of the PM-Ayushman Bharat Health Infrastructure Mission (PM-ABHIM) scheme?
  • a)
    To enhance private healthcare facilities in urban areas
  • b)
    To strengthen healthcare infrastructure across India
  • c)
    To reduce healthcare costs for patients
  • d)
    To promote traditional medicine practices
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Sameer Yadav answered
Primary Objective of PM-ABHIM
The PM-Ayushman Bharat Health Infrastructure Mission (PM-ABHIM) is a significant initiative by the Indian government aimed at improving the overall healthcare infrastructure in the country.
Key Focus Areas
- Strengthening Healthcare Infrastructure
The main objective of PM-ABHIM is to strengthen the healthcare infrastructure across India, particularly in rural and underserved areas. This involves building new healthcare facilities and upgrading existing ones.
- Comprehensive Health Services
The scheme aims to provide comprehensive health services that are accessible, affordable, and of high quality. By enhancing the infrastructure, the program seeks to ensure that every citizen has access to necessary medical services.
- Emphasis on Quality
PM-ABHIM focuses on improving the quality of health services, which is crucial for better healthcare outcomes. This includes ensuring that healthcare facilities are equipped with modern technology and skilled healthcare professionals.
- Integration with Existing Programs
The initiative also aims to integrate with other health programs and policies to create a robust health ecosystem that supports preventive, curative, and rehabilitative healthcare services.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the primary focus of the PM-ABHIM scheme is to strengthen the healthcare infrastructure across India. This approach not only addresses the immediate healthcare needs but also lays the foundation for a sustainable and efficient healthcare system in the long term.

Which factors primarily influence the occurrence and location of lake-effect snow?
  • a)
    Ocean currents and atmospheric pressure
  • b)
    Wind speed, wind direction, and topography
  • c)
    Temperature variations and humidity levels
  • d)
    Solar radiation and geographical latitude
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Akshita Kaur answered
Understanding Lake-Effect Snow
Lake-effect snow is a unique weather phenomenon primarily influenced by specific atmospheric conditions, notably:
Wind Speed and Direction
- Wind Speed: Strong winds are essential for transporting moisture-laden air from the lake surface to the surrounding land.
- Wind Direction: The trajectory of the wind determines which areas will receive the snow. For example, winds blowing from the lake toward the land can result in heavy snowfall.
Topography
- Geography: The landscape surrounding the lake can enhance snowfall. Hills and mountains can force the moist air upward, causing it to cool and condense, resulting in precipitation.
- Proximity to Water: Areas close to large bodies of water, like the Great Lakes, are particularly susceptible to lake-effect snow as they receive the moist air directly from the lake.
Interplay of Factors
- When cold air moves over the warmer waters of a lake, it picks up moisture. This process is further intensified by wind speed and direction, as well as the topographic features of the land.
- The combination of these factors creates localized heavy snowfall, often referred to as "snow belts," that can vary dramatically over short distances.
In summary, the occurrence and location of lake-effect snow are primarily influenced by wind speed, wind direction, and topography, making option 'B' the correct answer. Understanding these elements helps predict and explain this fascinating weather phenomenon.

What initiative is being launched by the Department of Consumer Affairs to combat deceptive online practices?
  • a)
    National Consumer Protection Act
  • b)
    Jago Grahak Jago App
  • c)
    E-Commerce Transparency Initiative
  • d)
    Consumer Rights Awareness Program
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Lekshmi Sharma answered
Introduction to the Initiative
The Department of Consumer Affairs has launched the "Jago Grahak Jago App" to tackle deceptive online practices effectively. This initiative is designed to empower consumers with knowledge and tools to recognize and report fraudulent activities in the digital marketplace.
Key Features of the Jago Grahak Jago App
- User-Friendly Interface: The app provides an intuitive platform for consumers to access information easily.
- Consumer Education: It offers educational resources about consumer rights and responsibilities, helping individuals make informed decisions.
- Reporting Mechanism: The app includes features to report scams and deceptive practices directly, facilitating swift action.
- Awareness Campaigns: Regular updates and notifications about the latest consumer protection measures and alerts on new scams.
Significance of the Initiative
- Combat Deceptive Practices: The app addresses the growing concern of online fraud, ensuring that consumers can identify and avoid scams.
- Empowerment: By equipping consumers with necessary information, the initiative aims to build a more informed and vigilant public.
- Collaboration: The app encourages collaboration between consumers and authorities, fostering a community focused on consumer rights protection.
Conclusion
The "Jago Grahak Jago App" stands out as a proactive measure by the Department of Consumer Affairs to enhance consumer protection in the digital age. By promoting awareness and providing essential tools, it seeks to create a safer online shopping environment for all consumers.

What is the main ecological concern associated with current agricultural practices in India?
  • a)
    Increase in biodiversity
  • b)
    Soil degradation
  • c)
    Enhanced crop yields
  • d)
    Improved water retention
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Anirban Mehta answered
Ecological Concerns in Indian Agriculture
Current agricultural practices in India face numerous ecological challenges, with soil degradation standing out as the primary concern.
Soil Degradation Explained
- Loss of Nutrients: Intensive farming techniques often rely on chemical fertilizers, which can deplete essential nutrients in the soil over time.
- Erosion: Continuous tilling and monoculture practices lead to soil erosion, reducing the land's fertility and its ability to retain moisture.
- Compaction: Heavy machinery used in farming compresses the soil, affecting its structure and limiting root growth, which can further exacerbate erosion.
Impact on Biodiversity
- Reduction in Soil Microorganisms: The use of pesticides and herbicides not only targets pests but also harms beneficial soil microorganisms crucial for maintaining soil health.
- Loss of Crop Diversity: Monoculture practices diminish the variety of crops grown, which can lead to a decrease in biodiversity and resilience in the ecosystem.
Long-term Consequences
- Decreased Agricultural Productivity: As soil quality declines, productivity can also drop, leading to food insecurity.
- Water Quality Issues: Soil degradation can result in increased runoff and sedimentation in water bodies, affecting water quality and aquatic ecosystems.
In summary, while enhanced crop yields (option 'C') and improved water retention (option 'D') are often seen as benefits of modern agricultural methods, they come at the cost of significant soil degradation, which poses a serious long-term ecological threat in India. Addressing these issues is crucial for sustainable agricultural practices and environmental health.

Which article of the Indian Constitution is primarily associated with the protection of individual dignity?
  • a)
    Article 14
  • b)
    Article 19
  • c)
    Article 21
  • d)
    Article 326
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Anirban Mehta answered
Understanding Article 21 of the Indian Constitution
Article 21 of the Indian Constitution is a fundamental right that guarantees the protection of life and personal liberty. It is primarily associated with the protection of individual dignity.
Key Aspects of Article 21
- Right to Life: Article 21 states, "No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law." This ensures that every individual has the right to live with dignity.
- Judicial Interpretations: The Supreme Court of India has expansively interpreted Article 21 to include various rights essential for a dignified life. This includes:
- Right to privacy
- Right to health
- Right to a clean environment
- Right to education
- Protection Against Arbitrary Action: Article 21 protects individuals from arbitrary actions by the state. It ensures that laws must be just, fair, and reasonable, thus safeguarding individual dignity against state excesses.
Significance in Society
- Empowerment of Individuals: By emphasizing individual dignity, Article 21 empowers citizens to challenge injustices and seek redressal through the legal system.
- Foundation for Other Rights: The right to life and personal liberty serves as a foundation for other fundamental rights, reinforcing the importance of dignity in a democratic society.
In summary, Article 21 is crucial for protecting individual dignity by ensuring the right to live freely and with respect, forming the bedrock of personal liberty in India.

What is one of the main challenges currently facing India's bureaucratic structure, particularly the Indian Administrative Service (IAS)?
  • a)
    Overstaffing
  • b)
    Politicization
  • c)
    Lack of training programs
  • d)
    Excessive decentralization
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Wizius Careers answered
The politicization of the bureaucracy, especially within the IAS, is a significant challenge. This occurs when appointments, transfers, and promotions are influenced more by political loyalty than by merit and performance. Such practices can undermine the professionalism and effectiveness of civil servants, leading to a loss of morale and domain expertise. Interestingly, reforms such as the introduction of a Civil Services Board aim to curb this issue by providing a structured approach to transfers and postings, promoting greater accountability.

What was the main theme of the 1st India Maritime Heritage Conclave held in 2024?
  • a)
    India's position in global maritime history.
  • b)
    Innovations in shipbuilding technology.
  • c)
    Environmental impacts of maritime trade.
  • d)
    The future of fishing industries in India.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

The main theme of the conclave was "Towards Understanding India's Position in Global Maritime History." This theme reflects an effort to explore and celebrate India's rich maritime heritage and its significance in global trade. The conclave highlighted historical shipbuilding techniques and navigational tools, reinforcing the importance of maritime traditions in shaping India's identity and its contributions to the world. An interesting fact is that the National Maritime Heritage Complex being developed in Lothal is situated at one of the earliest known dockyards in the world, dating back over 5,000 years.

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