The fertility of the soil is not suitable for cultivation. They receive heavy rainfall which is adverse to the cultivation. Added to this, these areas are backward and the farmers are very poor hence they lack a technological method of farming. Therefore, the net sown area differs from state to state . The physical extent of land on which crops are sown and harvested is known as net sown area. The total net sown area covers 45.5% of the total land area of India . Net sown area in Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram and Manipur is low mainly due to the hilly and rocky terrain. They are also largely covered by dense forests, which will need to be cut to develop agriculture. Andaman and Nicobar Islands are covered by dense tropical forests and so net sown area is low.

Cause of Difference in the Pattern of Net Sown Area from One State to Another:

There are several factors that contribute to the difference in the pattern of net sown area from one state to another in India. These factors can be categorized into physical, geographical, socio-economic, and historical factors.

1. Physical Factors:
- Climate: The climatic conditions of a state play a significant role in determining the pattern of net sown area. States with favorable climatic conditions, such as moderate temperature and adequate rainfall, tend to have a larger net sown area.
- Topography: The presence of mountains, hills, and plateaus affects the availability of cultivable land. States with flat and fertile plains generally have a higher net sown area compared to states with rugged terrains.
- Soil Fertility: The fertility of soil determines its productivity. States with fertile soil are more suitable for agriculture and therefore have a higher net sown area.

2. Geographical Factors:
- Availability of Water: Access to water sources like rivers, lakes, and canals is crucial for irrigation. States with abundant water resources can cultivate a larger area, resulting in a higher net sown area.
- Land Availability: The total land area of a state also influences the net sown area. States with larger land areas tend to have a higher net sown area.

3. Socio-economic Factors:
- Population Density: High population density puts pressure on land resources, leading to smaller land holdings and a lower net sown area.
- Infrastructure Development: The presence of well-developed infrastructure like roads, markets, and storage facilities can enhance agricultural productivity and encourage farmers to cultivate a larger area.
- Economic Conditions: The economic conditions of a state, including income levels and employment opportunities, influence the agricultural practices and the extent of cultivation.

4. Historical Factors:
- Historical Agricultural Practices: The historical agricultural practices of a region, including traditional farming methods and crop preferences, can impact the pattern of net sown area, as farmers tend to follow established practices.
- Land Reforms: Historical land reforms and policies implemented in different states have influenced land ownership patterns, land redistribution, and land consolidation, which, in turn, affect the net sown area.

By considering these physical, geographical, socio-economic, and historical factors, it becomes clear that the pattern of net sown area varies from one state to another in India. Understanding these factors is crucial for policymakers and agricultural planners to develop appropriate strategies and interventions to promote agricultural growth and ensure food security in different regions of the country.