Main Reasons for Re-Launching of Civil Disobedience Movement

The Civil Disobedience Movement, led by Mahatma Gandhi, was an important milestone in India's struggle for independence from British colonial rule. It aimed to challenge the unjust laws and policies imposed by the British government and mobilize the masses in a nonviolent resistance movement. The movement was initially launched in 1930 but was halted due to negotiations with the British. However, it was re-launched in 1932 for several reasons, which are detailed below:

1. Failure of Round Table Conferences:
The Round Table Conferences were a series of negotiations between Indian political leaders and the British government to discuss constitutional reforms. However, these conferences failed to address the demands of the Indian National Congress and other nationalist groups. The British government continued to ignore the aspirations of the Indian people, leading to a sense of frustration and disappointment among the Indian leadership.

2. Need for Mass Mobilization:
Gandhi believed in the power of mass mobilization and nonviolent resistance to challenge the British rule. The re-launch of the Civil Disobedience Movement was necessary to re-energize and mobilize the masses in a unified struggle against colonial rule. Gandhi aimed to galvanize the Indian population, including peasants, workers, and women, to actively participate in the movement and demonstrate their collective strength.

3. Demand for Complete Independence:
The initial phase of the Civil Disobedience Movement had demanded the complete independence of India, known as "Purna Swaraj." However, the British government failed to acknowledge this demand and continued to propose limited autonomy within the British Empire. The re-launch of the movement was a response to the British government's refusal to grant full independence and a reaffirmation of the Indian people's unwavering commitment to attaining complete freedom.

4. Protest against Repressive Laws:
The British government had imposed several repressive laws and policies, such as the Salt Act, which monopolized the production and sale of salt, a basic necessity of life. The re-launch of the Civil Disobedience Movement aimed to challenge and defy these unjust laws through acts of nonviolent civil disobedience. The Salt March led by Gandhi, where he and his followers marched to the Arabian Sea to produce their own salt, became a symbol of resistance against British oppression.

5. Unity and Solidarity:
The re-launch of the Civil Disobedience Movement aimed to foster unity and solidarity among the diverse Indian population. Gandhi emphasized the importance of Hindu-Muslim unity and the inclusion of marginalized groups in the struggle for independence. The movement became a platform for people from different backgrounds and regions to come together under a common goal, strengthening the spirit of nationalism.

In conclusion, the re-launch of the Civil Disobedience Movement in 1932 was driven by various factors such as the failure of negotiations, the need for mass mobilization, the demand for complete independence, protest against repressive laws, and the promotion of unity and solidarity. This movement played a crucial role in shaping the course of India's independence struggle and inspiring similar movements worldwide.

The main features of civil disobedience  are :-
1.The civil disobedience was launched in 1930 under the guidelines of Gandhiji.
2.Actually  civil disobedience movement was launched to fill the work that non cooperation wont did.
3.Peoples fought against  government for getting their liberty..
4.boycott of school,colleges,foreign cloth, offices. Liquor shops closed.
5.peoples stop paying taxes.



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