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The correct difference between first- andsecond-order reaction is that
  • a)
    the rate of a first-order reaction does not dependon reactant concentration; the rate of a secondorderreaction does depend on reactantconcentrations.
  • b)
    the half-life of a first-order reaction does notdepend on [A]0; the half-life of a second-orderreaction does depend on [A]0
  • c)
    a first-order reaction can be catalyzed;a second-order reaction cannot be catalyzed.
  • d)
    the rate of a first-order reaction does dependon reactant concentrations; the rate of asecond-order reaction does not depend onreactant concentrations
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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First-Order Reaction vs Second-Order Reaction:

Rate of Reaction:
- In a first-order reaction, the rate of the reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant.
- In contrast, the rate of a second-order reaction depends on the square of the concentration of one reactant or the product of the concentrations of two reactants.

Half-Life:
- The half-life of a first-order reaction remains constant and does not depend on the initial concentration of the reactant ([A]0).
- On the other hand, the half-life of a second-order reaction does depend on the initial concentration of the reactant.

Example:
- For a first-order reaction like radioactive decay, the rate of decay is constant over time, leading to a consistent half-life.
- In a second-order reaction, such as the reaction between two molecules, the rate of reaction changes as the concentrations of reactants change, affecting the half-life.
Therefore, the correct difference between first- and second-order reactions is that the half-life of a first-order reaction does not depend on the initial concentration of the reactant ([A]0), while the half-life of a second-order reaction is influenced by the initial concentration of the reactant.
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Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:The rate of a reaction, which may also be called its velocity or speed, can be defined with relation to the concentration of any of the reacting substances, or to that of any product of the reaction. If the species chosen is a reactant which has a concentration c at time t the rate is - dc/dt, while the rate with reference to a product having a concentration x at time t is dx/dt. Any concentration units may be used for expressing the rate; thus, if moles per liter are employed for concentration and seconds for the time, the units for the rate are moles litre–1sec–1. For gas reactions pressure units are sometimes used in place of concentrations, so that legitimate units for the rate would be (mm. Hg) sec–1 and atm. sec–1 The order of a reaction concerns the dependence of the rate upon the concentrations of reacting substances; thus, if the rate is found experimentally to be proportional to the ath power of the concentration of one of the reactants A, to the both power of the concentration of a second reactant B, and so forth, via., rate = k CAα CAβ the over-all order of the reaction is simply n = α + β + ----- (2) Such a reaction is said to be of the αth order with respect to the substance A, the βth order with respect to B.In the following questions, a statement of Assertion followed by a statement of Reason is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices on the basis of the above passage.Assertion: Rate of reaction is a measure of change in concentration of reactant with respect to time.Reason: Rate of reaction is a measure of change in concentration of product with respect to time.

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:The rate of a reaction, which may also be called its velocity or speed, can be defined with relation to the concentration of any of the reacting substances, or to that of any product of the reaction. If the species chosen is a reactant which has a concentration c at time t the rate is - dc/dt, while the rate with reference to a product having a concentration x at time t is dx/dt. Any concentration units may be used for expressing the rate; thus, if moles per liter are employed for concentration and seconds for the time, the units for the rate are moles litre–1sec–1. For gas reactions pressure units are sometimes used in place of concentrations, so that legitimate units for the rate would be (mm. Hg) sec–1 and atm. sec–1 The order of a reaction concerns the dependence of the rate upon the concentrations of reacting substances; thus, if the rate is found experimentally to be proportional to the ath power of the concentration of one of the reactants A, to the both power of the concentration of a second reactant B, and so forth, via., rate = k CAα CAβ the over-all order of the reaction is simply n = α + β + ----- (2) Such a reaction is said to be of the αth order with respect to the substance A, the βth order with respect to B.In the following questions, a statement of Assertion followed by a statement of Reason is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices on the basis of the above passage.Assertion: The unit of k is independent of order of reaction.Reason: The unit of k is moles L–1s–1.

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The correct difference between first- andsecond-order reaction is thata)the rate of a first-order reaction does not dependon reactant concentration; the rate of a secondorderreaction does depend on reactantconcentrations.b)the half-life of a first-order reaction does notdepend on [A]0; the half-life of a second-orderreaction does depend on [A]0c)a first-order reaction can be catalyzed;a second-order reaction cannot be catalyzed.d)the rate of a first-order reaction does dependon reactant concentrations; the rate of asecond-order reaction does not depend onreactant concentrationsCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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