What is mean by clone ?

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Cloning is the process of producing genetically identical individuals of an organism either naturally or artificially. ... Cloning in biotechnology refers to the process of creating clones of organisms or copies of cells or DNA fragments (molecular cloning).

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What is a Clone?

A clone is a genetically identical copy of an organism or cell produced through a process known as cloning. Cloning can occur naturally or artificially, and it involves replicating the DNA of an organism or cell to create an exact copy of it. Cloning has been used in various fields, including agriculture, medicine, and research.

Natural Cloning

Natural cloning occurs when an organism produces an identical copy of itself through asexual reproduction. This process is common in single-celled organisms, such as bacteria and yeast, and in some multicellular organisms, such as plants. In plants, natural cloning occurs through a process known as vegetative propagation, where a new plant grows from a part of the parent plant, such as a stem or root.

Artificial Cloning

Artificial cloning is the process of creating a clone of an organism or cell in a laboratory setting. There are three main types of artificial cloning:

1. Reproductive Cloning: This involves creating an identical copy of an organism by transferring the DNA of the original organism into an egg cell that has had its nucleus removed. The egg is then implanted into a surrogate mother, who carries the clone to term.

2. Therapeutic Cloning: This involves creating an embryo that is genetically identical to the patient and using it to generate stem cells for medical treatments.

3. DNA Cloning: This involves replicating a specific segment of DNA to create multiple copies of a gene or protein for research purposes.

Applications of Cloning

Cloning has been used in various fields, including:

1. Agriculture: Cloning has been used to produce genetically identical crops that are resistant to pests and diseases.

2. Medicine: Cloning has been used to generate stem cells for medical treatments and to create animal models of human diseases.

3. Research: Cloning has been used to study the genetic basis of traits and diseases in animals.

Controversies Surrounding Cloning

Cloning has been a controversial topic since it was first introduced. Some of the ethical concerns surrounding cloning include:

1. The potential for abuse: Cloning could be used to create humans with specific traits, which could lead to discrimination and inequality.

2. The safety of cloned organisms: Cloned animals have been found to have health problems, which raises concerns about the safety of cloning.

3. The impact on biodiversity: Cloning could reduce genetic diversity, which could make populations more vulnerable to diseases and environmental changes.

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An exact copy of a plant or animal that is produced from one of its cells by scientific methods

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Clone means production of offspring to similar of parents in asexual reproduction

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