Cyanobacteria in Vegetative Part of Cycas

Cyanobacteria are the photosynthetic prokaryotes that can be found in various habitats, including aquatic and terrestrial environments. They can also form symbiotic associations with plants and animals. Cyanobacteria have been found in the vegetative parts of several plant species, including Cycas.

Cycas is a genus of gymnosperms that belongs to the family Cycadaceae. These plants are distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, and Australia. Cycas plants have a unique morphology that includes a large crown of compound leaves and a stout trunk. The stem of Cycas plants is covered with a thick layer of bark, which contains a symbiotic association of cyanobacteria.

The cyanobacteria that are found in the vegetative parts of Cycas belong to the genus Nostoc. These cyanobacteria live inside specialized structures called coralloid roots, which are modified roots that have a spongy texture. The coralloid roots of Cycas plants are colonized by Nostoc cyanobacteria, which provide nitrogen to the host plant. In return, the host plant provides a protected and stable environment for the cyanobacteria to grow and reproduce.

The cyanobacteria in the coralloid roots of Cycas plants are able to fix atmospheric nitrogen, which is then made available to the host plant. Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for plant growth, and the ability of cyanobacteria to fix nitrogen is a major advantage for the host plant. This symbiotic association between Cycas plants and Nostoc cyanobacteria is an example of mutualism, where both the host plant and the cyanobacteria benefit from the association.

Conclusion

Cyanobacteria are found in the vegetative parts of several plant species, including Cycas. The cyanobacteria in the coralloid roots of Cycas plants belong to the genus Nostoc and provide nitrogen to the host plant. This symbiotic association between Cycas plants and Nostoc cyanobacteria is an example of mutualism.

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