15 litres of the milk is drawn out of a jar and filled with water. Thi...
E) 75 litres Explanation: Let initial quantity of milk = x litres After two times, quantity of milk left in jar = x [1 – 15/x] So x [1 – 15/x] / x = 16/16+9 [1 – 15/x] = 16/25 Square root both sides, so [1 – 15/x] = 4/5 Solve, x = 75
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15 litres of the milk is drawn out of a jar and filled with water. Thi...
To solve this problem, let's break it down into steps:
Step 1: Find the amount of milk left in the jar after the first operation.
- Let's assume the initial quantity of milk in the jar is 'x' liters.
- After the first operation, 15 liters of milk is drawn out and replaced with water. So, the quantity of milk left in the jar is (x - 15) liters.
- Since the ratio of milk to water is 16:9, the quantity of water in the jar is (9/16)(x - 15) liters.
Step 2: Find the amount of milk left in the jar after the second operation.
- In the second operation, 15 liters of the mixture (milk + water) is drawn out and replaced with water.
- The quantity of the mixture after the first operation is (x - 15 + 9/16)(x - 15) liters.
- After the second operation, 15 liters of the mixture is drawn out again, so the quantity of the mixture left in the jar is (x - 15 + 9/16)(x - 15) - 15 liters.
- The quantity of milk left in the jar is (x - 15 + 9/16)(x - 15) - 15 - (9/16)(x - 15) liters.
Step 3: Set up the equation based on the given information.
- According to the problem, the ratio of milk left to water in the jar is 16:9, which can be written as:
(x - 15 + 9/16)(x - 15) - 15 - (9/16)(x - 15) : (9/16)(x - 15) = 16 : 9
Step 4: Solve the equation to find the initial quantity of milk.
- Multiply both sides of the equation by 16 and 9 to get rid of the ratio:
16[(x - 15 + 9/16)(x - 15) - 15 - (9/16)(x - 15)] = 9[(9/16)(x - 15)]
- Simplify the equation:
16(x - 15 + 9/16)(x - 15) - 240 - 9(x - 15) = 0
- Expand and simplify the equation:
16x^2 - 240x + 144 - 240 - 9x + 135 = 0
16x^2 - 249x + 39 = 0
- Solve the quadratic equation using the quadratic formula or factoring, and we get x = 75 or x = 5/16.
- Since the quantity of milk cannot be 5/16 liters, the initial quantity of milk in the jar is 75 liters.
So, the correct answer is option (e) 75 liters.