Wind and water are passive pollination mechanisms, unlike insects and birds, which actively seek out colourful and nectar-rich flowers. Wind-pollinated flowers are adapted to release large amounts of lightweight pollen grains that can be carried by the wind over long distances. Therefore, these flowers do not need to attract pollinators with bright colours or sweet nectar. Similarly, water-pollinated flowers are adapted to release their pollen grains directly into the water, where they can float to female flowers. These flowers also do not require bright colours or nectar to attract pollinators.


Producing colourful petals and nectar is a costly process that requires a significant amount of energy. Wind and water-pollinated flowers conserve energy by not producing these features, allowing them to allocate their resources to other important functions such as growth and reproduction.


Wind and water-pollinated flowers are often found in environments that are not conducive to insect or bird pollination. For example, wind-pollinated plants are common in open fields and deserts, where pollinating insects are scarce. Water-pollinated flowers are often found in aquatic environments, where insects and birds cannot reach. In these environments, colourful petals and nectar would not be effective in attracting pollinators.


The lack of colour and nectar in wind and water-pollinated flowers is likely a result of their evolutionary history. These flowers evolved to rely on passive pollination mechanisms, which do not require bright colours or nectar to attract pollinators. Over time, these flowers have adapted to their specific pollination mechanisms, resulting in the lack of colour and nectar seen in wind and water-pollinated flowers today.

In conclusion, wind and water-pollinated flowers do not produce bright colours or sweet nectar because they have adapted to passive pollination mechanisms, conserve energy, are found in environments with few pollinating insects or birds, and have evolved over time to rely on their specific pollination mechanisms.

Wind and water pollinated flowers are light in weight as air and water cannot carry heavy pollens. They are neither colorful nor nectar producing as these are the characters for the insect-pollinated flowers. Insects get attracted towards the nectar and flower color but this does not occur in the case of wind and water. So, wind pollinated flowers do not produce nectar or essential oils/fragrance.