Dev consumes large amount of alcohol and result is polyuria and dehydration due to :a)decrease in the level of aldosteroneb)decrease in the level of vasopressinc)decrease in the level of ANFd)increase in the level of vasopressinCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

Tea ,alcohol, low temperature ., result in low secretion of ADH/vasoprasin

Answer

Alcohol causes short-term increased urination, it dehydrates the body. The changes in the brain and decreased levels of vasopressin artificially dehydrate the body, removing more fluid than should normally be removed.

Answer

Tea and alcohol suprese productions of adh

Answer

Polyuria and Dehydration in Alcohol Consumption:
In individuals who consume large amounts of alcohol, polyuria (excessive urination) and dehydration are common side effects. This occurs due to a decrease in the level of vasopressin (also known as antidiuretic hormone or ADH) in the body.

Explanation:
Alcohol is a diuretic, meaning it increases urine production and subsequently leads to dehydration. It affects the normal functioning of the hormone vasopressin, which plays a crucial role in regulating the body's water balance.

Role of Vasopressin:
Vasopressin is produced in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary gland. It acts on the kidneys to regulate the reabsorption of water. When vasopressin levels are low, the kidneys excrete more water, leading to increased urine output and the development of polyuria. This, in turn, contributes to dehydration.

Alcohol's Effect on Vasopressin:
Alcohol inhibits the release of vasopressin from the pituitary gland. It does so by blocking the synthesis and release of vasopressin, disrupting the normal feedback loop involved in water balance regulation. As a result, the body experiences a decrease in vasopressin levels, leading to reduced water reabsorption in the kidneys and increased urine production.

Polyuria and Dehydration:
With decreased levels of vasopressin, the kidneys excrete more water and produce larger volumes of urine. This leads to polyuria, where an individual may pass abnormally large amounts of urine, especially during and after alcohol consumption. The excessive loss of water through urine, combined with the diuretic effect of alcohol, results in dehydration.

Other Options:
The other options given in the question are not correct explanations for the polyuria and dehydration observed in alcohol consumption. Decreased aldosterone levels (option A) would lead to sodium and water retention, not excessive urination. Decreased ANF (atrial natriuretic factor) levels (option C) would also not cause polyuria. Lastly, an increase in vasopressin levels (option D) would actually lead to water retention and decreased urine production.

In conclusion, the correct answer is option B: a decrease in the level of vasopressin. Alcohol inhibits the release of vasopressin, resulting in decreased water reabsorption in the kidneys and increased urine production, leading to polyuria and dehydration.

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