In which part of nephron, reabsorption of glucose is maximum from filtrate?a)Henle’s loopb)Distal convoluted tubulec)seminiferous tubulesd)Proximal convoluted tubuleCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

The ans is D).PCT.
Acc. to NCERT nearly all the essential nutrients and 70-80% of the electrolytes and water are reabsorbed by this segment.i.e. PCT

Answer

Glucose reabsorption  takes place in the proximal tubules of nephron , a tube leading out of Bowman's capsule. The cell that lined the proximal tubules recapture valuable molecules including glucose. For glucose absorption two processes involved, the process where by glucose is reabsorbed across the apical membranes of the cell, meaning the membrane of the cell that faces out onto the proximal tubules and other by the mechanism where by the glucose is shunted across the opposite membrane of the cell into the blood stream...

Answer

Answer

Selective reabsorption takes place In proximal convoluted tubule(PCT) where glucose is almost completely reabsorbed

Answer

Reabsorption of Glucose in the Nephron

The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering and processing blood. It consists of several segments, each with specific functions in reabsorbing important substances from the filtrate.

The reabsorption of glucose mainly occurs in the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), making option D the correct answer. Let's explore the reabsorption process in detail:

1. Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT):
- The PCT is the first segment of the nephron, located immediately after Bowman's capsule.
- It is lined with specialized cells called cuboidal epithelial cells that have microvilli on their apical surface, increasing the surface area for reabsorption.
- As the filtrate passes through the PCT, about 100% of the glucose is reabsorbed.
- Glucose is reabsorbed through a secondary active transport mechanism. Sodium-glucose cotransporters (SGLTs) on the apical membrane of PCT cells facilitate the movement of glucose and sodium ions into the cells.
- Glucose then moves out of the PCT cells into the interstitial fluid and finally into the peritubular capillaries by facilitated diffusion through glucose transporters (GLUTs) on the basolateral membrane.

2. Henle's Loop:
- Henle's loop consists of the descending and ascending limbs.
- The descending limb is permeable to water but not to glucose, so no glucose reabsorption occurs here.
- The ascending limb is impermeable to water but actively transports sodium and chloride ions out of the tubule.
- Glucose reabsorption does not occur in the ascending limb.

3. Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT):
- The DCT is the segment located after the loop of Henle.
- It plays a role in further reabsorption of sodium, chloride, and calcium ions but does not reabsorb glucose.
- Glucose reabsorption is not significant in the DCT.

4. Seminiferous Tubules:
- The seminiferous tubules are part of the male reproductive system and are not involved in glucose reabsorption.

In conclusion, the maximum reabsorption of glucose from the filtrate occurs in the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) of the nephron. The PCT is highly specialized for glucose reabsorption through secondary active transport mechanisms. The other segments of the nephron, including Henle's loop, distal convoluted tubule, and seminiferous tubules, are not involved in significant glucose reabsorption.

Answer

Sodium reabsorption occurs through tubular reabsorption in proximal and distal convoluted tubules only. The proximal convoluted tubule is involved in active reabsorption of sodium into the peritubular capillary network and passive flow of water flows. It accounts for 67% of sodium reabsorption. DCT reabsorption of sodium is also an active process but is under hormonal regulation i.e., conditional response.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

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