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That extreme flood that is physically possible in a region from a severe-most combination, including rare combination of metrological and hydrological factors, is designated as the
  • a)
    Design flood
  • b)
    Standard project flood
  • c)
    Probable maximum flood
  • d)
    Flash flood
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Verified Answer
That extreme flood that is physically possible in a region from a seve...
Maximum Probability Flood (MPF) differs from the Standard Project Flood (SPF) in that it includes the extremely rare and catastrophic floods and is usually confined to spillway design of very high dams. The SPF is generally around 80% of the MPF for the basin.
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That extreme flood that is physically possible in a region from a seve...
Probable Maximum Flood
The correct answer is option C, which is the probable maximum flood (PMF). Here is an explanation of this designation:

Definition:
- The probable maximum flood is the extreme flood that can occur in a region due to a severe-most combination of meteorological and hydrological factors.

Characteristics:
- The PMF represents the most severe flood that can be realistically expected in a given area.
- It takes into account rare combinations of meteorological events, such as intense rainfall, and hydrological conditions, like saturation of the soil.

Importance:
- Designing infrastructure, such as dams and levees, to withstand the PMF is crucial for ensuring public safety and minimizing the risk of catastrophic flooding.

Comparison to other types of floods:
- The design flood refers to the flood used for designing infrastructure, while the standard project flood is a less severe flood than the PMF.
- Flash floods are sudden and localized floods that occur within a short period, typically due to intense rainfall or dam breaks.
In conclusion, the probable maximum flood is a critical consideration in flood risk management and infrastructure design, as it represents the worst-case scenario for flooding in a given area.
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