One of the following salt predominates in bone matrixa)Sodium chlorideb)Magnesium phosphatec)Calcium carbonated)Calcium phosphateCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

The bone matrix has 60-70% mineral salts like calcium phosphate (main), calcium carbonate, magnesium phosphate, chloride and fluoride.

Answer

Calcium phosphate predominates in the bone matrix.
Bone has 60% organic component of calcium phosphate while rest 40% inorganic component of bone is collagen fibre and a protein called ossein.

Answer

Answer:

The correct answer is option D, Calcium phosphate. Calcium phosphate is the main salt that predominates in bone matrix. Let's understand why this is the case by exploring the composition and structure of bone.

Composition of Bone:
Bone is a complex tissue composed of both organic and inorganic components. The organic component mainly consists of collagen fibers, which provide flexibility and tensile strength to the bone. The inorganic component consists of various minerals, primarily calcium and phosphorus, which provide rigidity and hardness to the bone.

Structure of Bone:
Bone is made up of a dense and compact outer layer called cortical bone and a spongy inner layer called trabecular or cancellous bone. The basic structural unit of bone is called an osteon or Haversian system. Each osteon consists of concentric rings of mineralized matrix called lamellae, which surround a central canal containing blood vessels and nerves. The lamellae are composed of collagen fibers embedded in a mineralized matrix.

Role of Calcium and Phosphorus:
Calcium and phosphorus are the most abundant minerals in bone. Calcium provides the rigidity and strength to the bone structure, while phosphorus plays a crucial role in bone mineralization. These minerals form hydroxyapatite crystals, which are responsible for the hardness and strength of bone.

Calcium Phosphate in Bone Matrix:
The mineralized matrix of bone consists of hydroxyapatite crystals, which are primarily composed of calcium phosphate. Calcium phosphate salts, such as hydroxyapatite [Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2], are deposited between collagen fibers, giving bone its rigidity and hardness. These salts provide a stable scaffold for the deposition of other minerals, such as magnesium and carbonate ions.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the salt that predominates in bone matrix is calcium phosphate. It plays a vital role in providing rigidity and hardness to the bone structure through the formation of hydroxyapatite crystals. Calcium and phosphorus are essential minerals for bone health, and their proper balance is crucial for maintaining bone strength and integrity.

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