Cerium (Z=58) is an important member of lanthanoids. which of the foll...
+4 is the most common oxidation state of cerium statement c is incorrect and option c is correct
Cerium (Z=58) is an important member of lanthanoids. which of the foll...
The Incorrect Statement:
The incorrect statement about cerium is option 'C': The 4 oxidation state of cerium is not known in solutions.
Explanation:
Cerium is a member of the lanthanoid series, also known as the lanthanides, which are a group of 15 metallic elements with atomic numbers ranging from 57 (lanthanum) to 71 (lutetium). Cerium itself has an atomic number of 58.
Cerium as an Oxidizing Agent:
Cerium can act as an oxidizing agent, which means it can accept electrons from other substances in a chemical reaction. In its +4 oxidation state, cerium can oxidize other substances by transferring electrons to them. This property makes cerium useful in various applications, such as in self-cleaning ovens and catalytic converters.
Oxidation States of Cerium:
Cerium can exist in two main oxidation states: +3 and +4. In the +3 oxidation state, cerium has three valence electrons and has a stable electron configuration. This oxidation state is more commonly observed in cerium compounds.
In the +4 oxidation state, cerium has lost four valence electrons and has a different electron configuration. This oxidation state is less common but still important. Cerium compounds in the +4 oxidation state are often used as oxidizing agents.
The Unknown 4 Oxidation State in Solutions:
Contrary to option 'C', the +4 oxidation state of cerium is indeed known in solutions. Cerium(IV) compounds, such as ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN), can readily dissolve in water and form solutions that contain the Ce4+ ion. These solutions are commonly used in organic synthesis and redox reactions.
Stability of 3 and 4 Oxidation States:
The +3 oxidation state of cerium is generally more stable than the +4 oxidation state. This is because cerium has a higher tendency to lose three electrons rather than four, which allows it to achieve a stable electron configuration. However, under certain conditions and with appropriate oxidizing agents, cerium can be oxidized to the +4 oxidation state.
Conclusion:
The incorrect statement about cerium is option 'C': The 4 oxidation state of cerium is not known in solutions. In reality, the +4 oxidation state of cerium is known in solutions, and cerium compounds in this oxidation state are frequently used as oxidizing agents.
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