Supreme Court of India and its Jurisdiction

The Supreme Court of India is the apex court of the country and has been entrusted with the task of interpreting the Constitution and ensuring that the laws of the land are followed. The court has been given several powers and jurisdictions to perform its duties.

Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of India

1. Original Jurisdiction: This refers to the power of the Supreme Court to hear and decide disputes between the Centre and the States or between two or more States. This power is enshrined in Article 131 of the Constitution. The disputes can be of any nature, including constitutional, legal or factual.

2. Appellate Jurisdiction: The Supreme Court has been given appellate jurisdiction over all the High Courts in the country. This means that one can appeal to the Supreme Court if they are not satisfied with the judgment of a High Court. The court can hear appeals against both civil and criminal cases.

3. Advisory Jurisdiction: The Supreme Court can also give its opinion on any question of law or fact that is referred to it by the President of India. This power is given under Article 143 of the Constitution.

4. Writ Jurisdiction: The Supreme Court has the power to issue writs like habeas corpus, mandamus, certiorari, quo warranto and prohibition to ensure that the rights of citizens are protected. This power is enshrined in Article 32 of the Constitution.

Conclusion

The power of the Supreme Court of India to decide disputes between the Centre and the States falls under its original jurisdiction. This power is crucial in ensuring that the federal structure of the country is maintained and that disputes between the Centre and the States are resolved in a fair and just manner.

Original jurisdiction is the correct answer because it is a type of jurisdiction in which supreme court ressolve the disputes between central and state governments..