What volume of water is to be added to 50 ml of 4 N NaOH solution to obtain a 1 N solution?a)100 MLb)150 MLc)200 MLd)250 MLCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

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Understanding Normality
Normality (N) is a measure of concentration equivalent to molarity but considers the reactive capacity of the solute. In this case, we are working with a sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution.
Initial Conditions
- Volume of NaOH solution: 50 ml
- Normality of NaOH solution: 4 N
Final Requirements
- Desired Normality: 1 N
Calculation of Equivalents
To find the number of equivalents in the initial solution:
- Equivalents of NaOH = Normality × Volume (in liters)
- Equivalents = 4 N × 0.050 L = 0.2 equivalents
Final Volume Calculation
To achieve a 1 N solution with the same number of equivalents:
- Let V be the final volume in liters.
- Equivalents = Normality × Volume
- 0.2 equivalents = 1 N × V
Solving for V:
- V = 0.2 equivalents / 1 N = 0.2 L = 200 ml
Volume of Water to Add
To find out how much water needs to be added:
- Final volume required: 200 ml
- Initial volume: 50 ml
- Volume of water to add = Final volume - Initial volume
- Volume of water to add = 200 ml - 50 ml = 150 ml
Conclusion
To dilute 50 ml of 4 N NaOH to a 1 N solution, you need to add 150 ml of water.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.

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