Root System
- The root system of a plant is crucial for anchoring the plant in the soil and absorbing water and nutrients.
- It consists of the main root (taproot) and lateral roots that branch out from it.
- The root system also plays a role in storage of food reserves in some plants.

Shoot System
- The shoot system includes the stem, leaves, flowers, and fruits of a plant.
- The stem provides support for the plant and serves as a conduit for transporting water and nutrients.
- Leaves are the main site for photosynthesis, where the plant produces food using sunlight.
- Flowers are reproductive structures that produce seeds for the next generation.
- Fruits are structures that develop from flowers and protect seeds, aiding in their dispersal.

Inflorescence
- Inflorescence refers to the arrangement of flowers on a plant.
- It can be categorized into various types such as racemose, cymose, spike, panicle, etc.
- The arrangement of flowers in an inflorescence can impact pollination and seed dispersal.

Floral Formula
- A floral formula is a shorthand way of representing the structure of a flower.
- It includes symbols for different floral parts like sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels, along with their numbers and arrangement.
- Floral formulas help in identifying and categorizing different plant species based on their flower structure.

Fruit Types
- Fruits are classified into various types based on their origin and structure.
- Simple fruits develop from a single ovary, while compound fruits develop from multiple ovaries.
- Fleshy fruits like berries and drupes are derived from the ovary wall, while dry fruits like nuts and capsules have a dry pericarp.