The Philosophy of Democracy
The middle class, which had received western education, assimilated the philosophy of democracy. Democracy can be defined as a system of government where power is vested in the people, who exercise it directly or through elected representatives. It is based on the principles of political equality, popular sovereignty, and majority rule. Let's explore why the answer to this question is option 'A' and delve into the details.

Western Education and Middle Class
During the colonial period, the British introduced western education in India. This education system primarily targeted the middle class, as they were seen as potential allies by the colonial rulers. The middle class individuals, who were educated in Western schools and colleges, were exposed to the ideas and values of the Enlightenment and the French Revolution.

Assimilation of Democratic Philosophy
As the middle class gained access to education, they began to assimilate the philosophy of democracy. This philosophy emphasized the importance of political equality, where every individual has an equal voice in the decision-making process. The middle class, who had long been excluded from political power, found this idea of equal political rights appealing.

Desire for Political Participation
The middle class, inspired by the principles of democracy, started to desire political participation. They began to question the autocratic and oppressive nature of colonial rule, and they sought avenues to express their opinions and concerns. The philosophy of democracy provided them with a framework to demand their rights and to actively participate in shaping the political future of the country.

Influence on Indian Nationalism
The assimilation of the philosophy of democracy by the middle class had a profound impact on the Indian nationalist movement. The principles of democracy, such as liberty, equality, and fraternity, became the guiding ideals for the Indian nationalists. They demanded self-government, equal rights, and an end to colonial rule, all of which are intrinsic to the concept of democracy.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the middle class, which had received western education, assimilated the philosophy of democracy. This philosophy provided them with the ideas and values necessary to challenge the oppressive colonial rule and demand political participation and equal rights. The principles of democracy played a significant role in shaping the Indian nationalist movement and continue to be integral to the democratic fabric of the country.