Which of the following was not done during the time of Lord Curzon?a)...
Hunter Education Commission was founded in 1882 by Lord Ripon (1880-1884 AD) during British rule. The government appointed the commission under the chairmanship of William Wilson Hunter to review the progress made in the field of education by Charles Wood’s Declaration. This commission is not formed during Lord Curzon.
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Which of the following was not done during the time of Lord Curzon?a)...
Lord Curzon was the Viceroy of India from 1899 to 1905. During his tenure, he implemented several important policies and reforms. Among these, the partition of Bengal, the Punjab Land Alienation Act, and the establishment of the Famine Commission were all significant developments. However, the formation of the Hunter Commission did not take place during Lord Curzon's time.
a) Partition of Bengal
- One of the major events during Lord Curzon's tenure was the partition of Bengal in 1905. This decision aimed to divide the province for administrative convenience, but it had significant political and social implications.
- The partition involved separating the predominantly Hindu western region from the largely Muslim eastern region. This move was seen as a way to weaken the growing nationalist movement and to create a divide between Hindus and Muslims.
- The partition of Bengal sparked widespread protests and nationalist movements, with many advocating for the reunification of the province. The Swadeshi movement, which called for the boycott of British goods and the promotion of Indian-made products, gained momentum during this time.
b) Punjab Land Alienation Act
- Lord Curzon also introduced the Punjab Land Alienation Act in 1900. This legislation aimed to protect agricultural land in Punjab from being transferred to non-agriculturists, particularly moneylenders and businessmen.
- The act restricted the sale and transfer of agricultural land to certain specified categories of people, primarily agriculturists. This policy was implemented to prevent the exploitation of farmers and to maintain the agrarian economy of Punjab.
- The Punjab Land Alienation Act had a significant impact on landownership patterns and agricultural practices in the region. It aimed to protect the interests of the farming community and prevent the concentration of land in the hands of non-agricultural elites.
c) Establishment of the Famine Commission
- Lord Curzon established the Famine Commission in 1901 to address the recurring issue of famines in India. The commission aimed to study the causes of famines, assess the effectiveness of relief measures, and propose preventive measures for the future.
- The Famine Commission's report, published in 1901, highlighted the need for improved irrigation, agricultural practices, and infrastructure development to mitigate the impact of famines.
- The commission's recommendations led to the implementation of various measures, such as the construction of dams and canals, the expansion of railway networks for efficient transportation of relief supplies, and the establishment of meteorological departments to monitor weather patterns.
d) Formation of Hunter Commission
- The formation of the Hunter Commission did not occur during Lord Curzon's time. The Hunter Commission was actually set up in 1919, after the Jallianwala Bagh massacre in Amritsar.
- The commission, headed by British judge Sir William Hunter, was tasked with investigating the events leading up to the massacre and the actions of Brigadier General Reginald Dyer.
- The Hunter Commission's findings and recommendations had significant implications for the British Raj and the Indian independence movement. It fueled anti-British sentiments and led to demands for self-governance and accountability.
In conclusion, the formation of the Hunter Commission did not take place during Lord Curzon's time as Viceroy of India. The other options, namely the partition of Bengal, the Punjab Land Alienation Act, and the establishment of the Famine Commission, were significant developments that occurred during his tenure.