The earliest factories were set up in England by 1730. These industries grew in number during late eighteenth century. Cotton factories were the first factories to be set up and its production boomed in the late nineteenth century. In 1760, Britain was importing 2.5 million pounds of raw cotton to feed its cotton industry. By 1787 this import increased to 22 million of raw cotton to feed the industry.

The correct answer is option 'B' (1730s). The earliest factories in England emerged around the 1730s. This period marked the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in England, which transformed the country from an agrarian society to an industrial powerhouse.

Industrial Revolution in England:
The Industrial Revolution was a period of significant technological advancements, economic growth, and social changes that occurred in England during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. It started with the development of new machinery and manufacturing processes, leading to the establishment of factories and the mass production of goods.

Factors leading to the emergence of factories:
Several factors contributed to the emergence of factories in England during the 1730s:

1. Inventions and innovations: During this time, there were significant technological advancements, such as the invention of the flying shuttle (1733) by John Kay and the spinning jenny (1764) by James Hargreaves. These inventions increased the efficiency and productivity of textile manufacturing, creating a demand for larger-scale production.

2. Steam power: The development of steam power, particularly the invention of the steam engine by James Watt in the late 18th century, revolutionized industrial production. Steam engines provided a reliable and efficient source of power, allowing factories to operate on a much larger scale.

3. Access to raw materials: England had abundant reserves of coal and iron ore, essential raw materials for industrial production. The availability of these resources provided a competitive advantage for English industries.

4. Transportation infrastructure: The construction of canals and later the development of the railway network improved transportation and facilitated the movement of raw materials and finished goods. This allowed factories to be located away from water sources, providing greater flexibility in their establishment.

5. Population growth and urbanization: The population of England began to grow rapidly during the 18th century. This increase in population, combined with the enclosure movement that displaced many rural farmers, led to a surplus workforce. People moved to urban areas in search of employment, creating a ready labor supply for the emerging factories.

Conclusion:
In summary, the earliest factories in England emerged around the 1730s as a result of technological advancements, access to raw materials, improved transportation infrastructure, and population growth. These factories played a pivotal role in the Industrial Revolution, shaping the course of history and transforming England into the world's leading industrial nation.

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