A foundation is considered shallow if its depth-a)exceeds the widthb)...
According to Terzaghi, a foundation is shallow if its depth is less than or equal to its width. In the case of deep foundations, the depth is more than or equal to the width.
So, for a shallow foundation, the depth should be less than or equal to width.
Hence, the correct option is (D).
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A foundation is considered shallow if its depth-a)exceeds the widthb)...
The Depth of a Foundation
To understand why option 'D' is the correct answer, let's first clarify what a foundation is and why its depth is important.
What is a Foundation?
A foundation is a structural element that supports a building or any other type of structure. It is usually located below ground level and transfers the load of the structure to the underlying soil or rock. The primary purpose of a foundation is to distribute the weight of the building evenly and prevent settlement or movement.
The Importance of Foundation Depth
The depth of a foundation is crucial for its stability and effectiveness. The depth is determined by several factors, including the type of soil, the size and weight of the structure, and the local climate conditions. A deeper foundation provides more stability and reduces the risk of settlement or movement.
Understanding Shallow Foundations
Shallow foundations are commonly used when the underlying soil is strong enough to support the load of the structure within a relatively shallow depth. These types of foundations include spread footings and mat foundations.
Relation between Depth and Width
In the given options, option 'D' states that a foundation is considered shallow if its depth is less than or equal to its width. This means that the depth of a shallow foundation should not exceed its width.
Reasoning
When the depth of a foundation is less than or equal to its width, it means that the load of the structure is spread over a larger surface area. This helps to distribute the weight more evenly and reduces the risk of settlement or movement. Additionally, a wider foundation provides more stability by increasing the contact area with the underlying soil or rock.
Conclusion
In conclusion, a foundation is considered shallow if its depth is less than or equal to its width. This ensures that the load of the structure is evenly distributed and reduces the risk of settlement or movement. The depth of a foundation is an important factor in determining its stability and effectiveness in supporting the structure.