Bulking of Sand:

Bulking of sand refers to an increase in the volume of sand caused by the presence of water. It is a phenomenon that occurs when the sand particles are coated with a thin layer of water, which causes them to separate and move apart from each other, resulting in an increase in the volume of sand.

Water content for Bulking of Sand:

The water content at which bulking of sand occurs depends on various factors such as the size and shape of sand particles, the specific gravity of sand, and the amount of moisture present in the air. Generally, bulking of sand occurs when the water content is between 4% - 5%.

Factors affecting bulking of sand:

- Size and shape of sand particles
- Specific gravity of sand
- Amount of moisture present in the air

Effects of bulking of sand:

Bulking of sand can lead to errors in the measurement of sand, which can affect the quality of the construction. It can also lead to problems in the compaction of the sand, which can result in the formation of voids and weak spots in the structure.

Prevention of bulking of sand:

To prevent bulking of sand, it is essential to ensure that the sand is properly dried before use. This can be done by spreading the sand in a thin layer and allowing it to dry in the sun or by using a mechanical dryer. It is also important to store the sand in a dry place to prevent the absorption of moisture from the air.