The most important cause of power loss in the transmission line is th...
Technical losses are normally 22.5%, and directly depend on the network characteristics and the mode of operation.
The most important cause of power loss in the transmission line is th...
Reactance is the most important cause of power loss in the transmission line.
Reactance refers to the opposition offered by an electrical circuit to the flow of alternating current (AC) due to the presence of inductance and capacitance. In a transmission line, reactance plays a significant role in determining the power loss.
Factors contributing to power loss in a transmission line:
1. Resistance: Resistance in a transmission line causes power loss in the form of heat. When current flows through a conductor, resistance converts a portion of electrical energy into heat energy. This heat loss is known as resistive power loss. Although resistance does contribute to power loss, it is not the most significant factor.
2. Reactance: Reactance can be further divided into inductive reactance and capacitive reactance.
- Inductive Reactance: Inductive reactance is caused by the presence of inductors in the transmission line. Inductors store energy in their magnetic fields and tend to oppose changes in current. This opposition results in a phase shift between voltage and current. Inductive reactance causes a lagging power factor, which leads to power loss in the transmission line.
- Capacitive Reactance: Capacitive reactance is caused by the presence of capacitors in the transmission line. Capacitors store energy in their electric fields and tend to oppose changes in voltage. This opposition also results in a phase shift between voltage and current. Capacitive reactance causes a leading power factor, which also leads to power loss in the transmission line.
In a transmission line, both inductive and capacitive reactance contribute to power loss due to the phase shifts they introduce. These phase shifts cause a mismatch between the voltage and current, resulting in power being dissipated as heat.
Conclusion:
While resistance does contribute to power loss in a transmission line, it is the reactance (both inductive and capacitive) that plays the most important role. The phase shifts caused by reactance result in power being lost as heat. Therefore, reactance is the most significant cause of power loss in a transmission line.