Introduction:
A rectifier is an electrical device that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC). There are different types of rectifiers, including full-wave rectifiers and bridge rectifiers. In a full-wave rectifier, two diodes are used, while a bridge rectifier uses four diodes. Each type of rectifier has its advantages and disadvantages.

Explanation:
The four diode bridge rectifier has the dominant advantage of lower peak inverse voltage (PIV) requirement compared to a full-wave rectifier using two diodes. Let's understand this advantage in detail:

1. Peak Inverse Voltage Requirement:
- Peak inverse voltage is the maximum voltage that a diode can withstand in the reverse-biased condition.
- In a full-wave rectifier using two diodes, the PIV requirement is twice the input voltage.
- However, in a four diode bridge rectifier, the PIV requirement is equal to the input voltage. This is because each diode in the bridge rectifier only experiences half of the input voltage during the negative half-cycle of the AC input.
- Therefore, the four diode bridge rectifier has a lower PIV requirement, making it more suitable for applications where voltage ratings are critical.

2. Efficiency:
- Efficiency refers to the ratio of the output DC power to the input AC power.
- Both full-wave rectifiers and bridge rectifiers have similar efficiency levels, as they utilize the same amount of diodes during operation.
- Therefore, the efficiency advantage is not a distinguishing factor between the two rectifier types.

3. Current Carrying Capacity:
- Current carrying capacity refers to the maximum current that a rectifier can handle without getting damaged.
- Both full-wave rectifiers and bridge rectifiers have similar current carrying capacities, as they utilize diodes with similar ratings.
- Therefore, the current carrying capacity advantage is not specific to the four diode bridge rectifier.

4. Ripple Factor:
- Ripple factor is a measure of the amount of AC ripple present in the output DC voltage.
- Both full-wave rectifiers and bridge rectifiers have similar ripple factors, as they utilize similar rectification techniques.
- Therefore, the ripple factor advantage is not specific to the four diode bridge rectifier.

Conclusion:
The four diode bridge rectifier has the dominant advantage of lower peak inverse voltage (PIV) requirement compared to a full-wave rectifier using two diodes. This advantage makes the bridge rectifier more suitable for applications where voltage ratings are critical. However, the efficiency, current carrying capacity, and ripple factor advantages are not specific to the four diode bridge rectifier.