Directions : In the following questions a statement of assertion (A) ...
Nucleases are of two kinds : exo and endonucleases, but exonucleases remove nucleotides from the ends of the DNA.
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Directions : In the following questions a statement of assertion (A) ...
Assertion (A): Restriction enzymes belong to class nucleases.
Reason (R): Nucleases are of two kinds: exo and endonucleases. Exonucleases remove nucleotides within the DNA.
The correct answer for this question is option 'C' - Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
Explanation:
Restriction enzymes are enzymes that cut DNA at specific recognition sites. They are commonly used in molecular biology research to manipulate DNA molecules. Restriction enzymes are also known as restriction endonucleases because they cleave phosphodiester bonds within the DNA molecule.
Nucleases:
Nucleases are enzymes that break down nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) into their constituent nucleotides. They are classified into two types based on their mode of action: exonucleases and endonucleases.
Exonucleases:
Exonucleases are enzymes that remove nucleotides one at a time from either the 3' or 5' end of a DNA or RNA molecule. They can remove nucleotides from the end of a DNA molecule, but they cannot cleave phosphodiester bonds within the DNA molecule.
Endonucleases:
Endonucleases are enzymes that cleave phosphodiester bonds within the DNA or RNA molecule. They can cut the DNA molecule at specific recognition sites, resulting in the formation of fragments with cohesive or sticky ends. Restriction enzymes are a type of endonuclease that recognizes specific DNA sequences and cuts the DNA at or near these sequences.
Explanation of the answer:
Assertion (A) is true because restriction enzymes are a type of endonuclease and belong to the class of nucleases. Restriction enzymes cleave the phosphodiester bonds within the DNA molecule, leading to the formation of fragments with cohesive or sticky ends.
Reason (R) is false because exonucleases remove nucleotides from the ends of the DNA molecule and cannot cleave phosphodiester bonds within the DNA molecule. The statement in Reason (R) mistakenly mentions that exonucleases remove nucleotides within the DNA, which is incorrect.
Therefore, the correct answer is option 'C' - Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
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