Isostructural Species in Chemistry

Isostructural species are the chemical compounds that have the same shape and hybridization. They have the same number of atoms and electrons with the same bond angles and length. Identifying isostructural pairs is important in understanding the properties and behavior of chemical compounds.

(a) [NF3 and BF3]

These two compounds are isostructural because they have the same shape and hybridization. Both have a trigonal planar shape with sp2 hybridization. The difference is in the electronegativity of the central atom. Nitrogen is more electronegative than boron, so the nitrogen atom in NF3 has a partial negative charge, while the boron atom in BF3 has a partial positive charge.

(b) [BF4 and NH4]

These two compounds are not isostructural because they have different shapes and hybridization. BF4 has a tetrahedral shape with sp3 hybridization, while NH4 has a trigonal pyramidal shape with sp3 hybridization.

(c) [BCl3 and BrCl3]

These two compounds are isostructural because they have the same shape and hybridization. Both have a trigonal planar shape with sp2 hybridization. The difference is in the electronegativity of the central atom. Boron is less electronegative than chlorine, so the boron atom in BCl3 has a partial positive charge, while the bromine atom in BrCl3 has a partial negative charge.

(d) [NH3 and NO¯3]

These two compounds are not isostructural because they have different shapes and hybridization. NH3 has a trigonal pyramidal shape with sp3 hybridization, while NO¯3 has a trigonal planar shape with sp2 hybridization.

Conclusion

Identifying isostructural pairs is important in understanding the properties and behavior of chemical compounds. The given pairs of compounds have been analyzed and the isostructural pairs identified based on their shape and hybridization.

Option:c