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While opening a TCP connection, the initial sequence number is to be derived using a time-of-day (ToD) clock that keeps running even when the host is down. The low order 32 bits of the counter of the ToD clock is to be used for the initial sequence numbers. The clock counters increments once per millisecond. The maximum packet lifetime is given to be 64s.
Which one of the choices given below is closest to the minimum permissible rate at which sequence numbers used for packets of a connection can increase?
- a)0.015/s
- b)0.064/s
- c)0.135/s
- d)0.327/s
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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Verified Answer
While opening a TCP connection, the initial sequence number is to be ...
The maximum packet lifetime is given to be 64 seconds in the question.
Thus, a sequence number increments after every 64 seconds.
So, minimum permissible rate = 1 / 64 = 0.015 per second.
Most Upvoted Answer
While opening a TCP connection, the initial sequence number is to be ...
Given:
- The initial sequence number is derived using a time-of-day (ToD) clock.
- The low order 32 bits of the ToD clock counter are used for the initial sequence numbers.
- The ToD clock counter increments once per millisecond.
- The maximum packet lifetime is 64 seconds.
To Find:
The minimum permissible rate at which sequence numbers used for packets of a connection can increase.
Explanation:
The sequence number is derived from the low order 32 bits of the ToD clock counter. Since the clock counter increments once per millisecond, it will take 2^32 milliseconds to wrap around and repeat.
The maximum packet lifetime is given as 64 seconds, which means a packet should not be alive for more than 64 seconds. If the sequence numbers increase at a rate greater than or equal to the maximum packet lifetime, we can guarantee that the sequence numbers will not repeat within the packet's lifetime.
Calculations:
- To find the minimum permissible rate, we need to calculate the number of sequence numbers generated in 64 seconds.
- The number of milliseconds in 64 seconds = 64 * 1000 = 64000 milliseconds.
- The number of sequence numbers generated in 64 seconds = 64000.
- The rate of sequence number generation = number of sequence numbers / time = 64000 / 64000 = 1/s.
Therefore, the minimum permissible rate at which sequence numbers used for packets of a connection can increase is 1/s, which is closest to option A (0.015/s).
Answer:
The closest option to the minimum permissible rate is option A) 0.015/s.
- The initial sequence number is derived using a time-of-day (ToD) clock.
- The low order 32 bits of the ToD clock counter are used for the initial sequence numbers.
- The ToD clock counter increments once per millisecond.
- The maximum packet lifetime is 64 seconds.
To Find:
The minimum permissible rate at which sequence numbers used for packets of a connection can increase.
Explanation:
The sequence number is derived from the low order 32 bits of the ToD clock counter. Since the clock counter increments once per millisecond, it will take 2^32 milliseconds to wrap around and repeat.
The maximum packet lifetime is given as 64 seconds, which means a packet should not be alive for more than 64 seconds. If the sequence numbers increase at a rate greater than or equal to the maximum packet lifetime, we can guarantee that the sequence numbers will not repeat within the packet's lifetime.
Calculations:
- To find the minimum permissible rate, we need to calculate the number of sequence numbers generated in 64 seconds.
- The number of milliseconds in 64 seconds = 64 * 1000 = 64000 milliseconds.
- The number of sequence numbers generated in 64 seconds = 64000.
- The rate of sequence number generation = number of sequence numbers / time = 64000 / 64000 = 1/s.
Therefore, the minimum permissible rate at which sequence numbers used for packets of a connection can increase is 1/s, which is closest to option A (0.015/s).
Answer:
The closest option to the minimum permissible rate is option A) 0.015/s.
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While opening a TCP connection, the initial sequence number is to be derived using a time-of-day (ToD) clock that keeps running even when the host is down. The low order 32 bits of the counter of the ToD clock is to be used for the initial sequence numbers. The clock counters increments once per millisecond. The maximum packet lifetime is given to be 64s.Which one of the choices given below is closest to the minimum permissible rate at which sequence numbers used for packets of a connection can increase?a)0.015/sb)0.064/sc)0.135/sd)0.327/sCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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While opening a TCP connection, the initial sequence number is to be derived using a time-of-day (ToD) clock that keeps running even when the host is down. The low order 32 bits of the counter of the ToD clock is to be used for the initial sequence numbers. The clock counters increments once per millisecond. The maximum packet lifetime is given to be 64s.Which one of the choices given below is closest to the minimum permissible rate at which sequence numbers used for packets of a connection can increase?a)0.015/sb)0.064/sc)0.135/sd)0.327/sCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? for GATE 2024 is part of GATE preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the GATE exam syllabus. Information about While opening a TCP connection, the initial sequence number is to be derived using a time-of-day (ToD) clock that keeps running even when the host is down. The low order 32 bits of the counter of the ToD clock is to be used for the initial sequence numbers. The clock counters increments once per millisecond. The maximum packet lifetime is given to be 64s.Which one of the choices given below is closest to the minimum permissible rate at which sequence numbers used for packets of a connection can increase?a)0.015/sb)0.064/sc)0.135/sd)0.327/sCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for GATE 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for While opening a TCP connection, the initial sequence number is to be derived using a time-of-day (ToD) clock that keeps running even when the host is down. The low order 32 bits of the counter of the ToD clock is to be used for the initial sequence numbers. The clock counters increments once per millisecond. The maximum packet lifetime is given to be 64s.Which one of the choices given below is closest to the minimum permissible rate at which sequence numbers used for packets of a connection can increase?a)0.015/sb)0.064/sc)0.135/sd)0.327/sCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?.
While opening a TCP connection, the initial sequence number is to be derived using a time-of-day (ToD) clock that keeps running even when the host is down. The low order 32 bits of the counter of the ToD clock is to be used for the initial sequence numbers. The clock counters increments once per millisecond. The maximum packet lifetime is given to be 64s.Which one of the choices given below is closest to the minimum permissible rate at which sequence numbers used for packets of a connection can increase?a)0.015/sb)0.064/sc)0.135/sd)0.327/sCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? for GATE 2024 is part of GATE preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the GATE exam syllabus. Information about While opening a TCP connection, the initial sequence number is to be derived using a time-of-day (ToD) clock that keeps running even when the host is down. The low order 32 bits of the counter of the ToD clock is to be used for the initial sequence numbers. The clock counters increments once per millisecond. The maximum packet lifetime is given to be 64s.Which one of the choices given below is closest to the minimum permissible rate at which sequence numbers used for packets of a connection can increase?a)0.015/sb)0.064/sc)0.135/sd)0.327/sCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for GATE 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for While opening a TCP connection, the initial sequence number is to be derived using a time-of-day (ToD) clock that keeps running even when the host is down. The low order 32 bits of the counter of the ToD clock is to be used for the initial sequence numbers. The clock counters increments once per millisecond. The maximum packet lifetime is given to be 64s.Which one of the choices given below is closest to the minimum permissible rate at which sequence numbers used for packets of a connection can increase?a)0.015/sb)0.064/sc)0.135/sd)0.327/sCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?.
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