Answer the following questions on the basis of given paragraph.Osmotic...
Reverse osmosis is used for desalination of sea water.
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Answer the following questions on the basis of given paragraph.Osmotic...
Osmotic Pressure and Desalination of Sea Water
Introduction:
Osmotic pressure is a phenomenon that occurs when there is a concentration difference between two solutions separated by a semi-permeable membrane. It is widely used to determine the molar masses of proteins and polymers. In the context of sea water desalination, osmotic pressure plays a crucial role.
Isotonic Solutions:
Isotonic solutions are two solutions that have the same osmotic pressure. In the case of sea water, if a solution has the same osmotic pressure as sea water, it is considered isotonic.
Osmosis and Water Flow:
Osmosis is the movement of solvent molecules (in this case, water) from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration through a semi-permeable membrane. In the context of sea water, water can flow into or out of the sea water depending on the relative concentration of solutes.
- If sea water is placed in a hypotonic solution (lower solute concentration than sea water), water will move into the sea water through osmosis.
- If sea water is placed in a hypertonic solution (higher solute concentration than sea water), water will move out of the sea water through osmosis.
Reverse Osmosis:
Reverse osmosis is a process used in desalination to obtain fresh water from sea water. It involves applying pressure greater than the osmotic pressure on the solution side. In this case, sea water is the solution and the pressure applied is higher than the osmotic pressure of sea water.
Explanation of Option A:
Option A states that when pressure more than osmotic pressure is applied, pure water is squeezed out of sea water by reverse osmosis. This is the correct answer because reverse osmosis is the process used to desalinate sea water and obtain fresh water. By applying pressure greater than the osmotic pressure of sea water, pure water is forced to move from the sea water through a semi-permeable membrane, leaving behind the dissolved salts and impurities. This process allows for the separation of fresh water from sea water.
Therefore, option A is the correct method used to desalinate sea water and obtain fresh water.
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