The estimation of biodegradable organic matter in sewage water

The amount of biodegradable organic matter present in sewage water can be estimated by measuring the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). The BOD is a measure of the amount of oxygen required by microorganisms to break down the organic matter present in the water. The higher the BOD, the more organic matter is present in the water.

Factors affecting BOD

Several factors can influence the BOD of sewage water, including:

1. Temperature: BOD increases as temperature rises, as microorganisms become more active in warmer water.

2. pH: The optimal pH range for microorganisms that break down organic matter is between 6.5 and 8.5.

3. Nutrient availability: Microorganisms require nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus to grow and break down organic matter.

4. Presence of toxic substances: Toxic substances can inhibit the growth of microorganisms and reduce the BOD of water.

5. Dissolved oxygen: High levels of dissolved oxygen in water can increase the rate of organic matter breakdown, while low levels can inhibit it.

Importance of measuring BOD

Measuring BOD is important for several reasons:

1. It helps to determine the level of pollution in water bodies.

2. It can be used to monitor the effectiveness of wastewater treatment plants.

3. It can help to identify sources of pollution and prioritize pollution control efforts.

4. It can be used to assess the impact of human activities on water quality.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the amount of biodegradable organic matter in sewage water can be estimated by measuring the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). BOD is influenced by several factors, including temperature, pH, nutrient availability, toxic substances, and dissolved oxygen. Measuring BOD is important for assessing water quality, identifying pollution sources, and monitoring the effectiveness of pollution control efforts.