Answer:

India is currently at the stage of low death and birth rates, resulting in low growth rates. This stage is referred to as Stage 3 of the demographic transition. Let's discuss this in detail:

Demographic Transition:
The demographic transition refers to the historical shift from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as a country develops. It is typically divided into four stages.

Stage 1: In this stage, both birth and death rates are high, resulting in a low growth rate. This stage is common in pre-industrial societies.

Stage 2: In stage 2, death rates start declining due to improvements in healthcare, sanitation, and nutrition. However, birth rates remain high, resulting in a rapid population growth.

Stage 3: In this stage, birth rates start declining due to socioeconomic development, increased education, urbanization, and improved access to family planning services. Death rates continue to decline, but at a slower pace. The growth rate begins to decline during this stage.

Stage 4: In the final stage, both birth and death rates are low, resulting in a low growth rate. This stage is common in developed countries.

India's Stage:
India is currently in Stage 3 of the demographic transition, characterized by low birth and death rates. Several factors have contributed to this transition:

1. Improvements in Healthcare: India has made significant progress in healthcare, leading to a decline in mortality rates. Access to healthcare facilities, vaccinations, and advancements in medical technology have contributed to this decline.

2. Educational Development: Increased access to education has played a crucial role in promoting awareness about family planning and reproductive health. As literacy rates improve, people become more aware of the benefits of smaller family sizes.

3. Urbanization: India has witnessed rapid urbanization in recent decades. Urban areas tend to have lower fertility rates compared to rural areas due to factors such as increased access to contraception, better educational opportunities for women, and the high cost of living.

4. Government Initiatives: The Indian government has implemented various programs and policies to promote family planning and reproductive health. These initiatives focus on increasing awareness, providing access to contraceptives, and improving maternal and child healthcare.

As a result of these factors, India's birth rate has been steadily declining, approaching replacement levels. The death rate has also decreased, although at a slower pace. This has led to a decline in the growth rate, indicating that India is currently in Stage 3 of the demographic transition.

In conclusion, India is currently at the stage of low death and birth rates, resulting in low growth rates. This transition has been facilitated by improvements in healthcare, educational development, urbanization, and government initiatives aimed at promoting family planning and reproductive health.