Electric Potential

The work done to bring a unit positive charge unaccelerated from infinity to a point inside an electric field is called electric potential.

Explanation:

Electric Field:
The electric field is a vector quantity that describes the force exerted on a positive test charge placed in the field. It is defined as the force per unit positive charge. The electric field is represented by the symbol E and is measured in units of newtons per coulomb (N/C).

Electric Potential:
The electric potential is a scalar quantity that describes the electric potential energy per unit charge at a particular point in space. It is a measure of the work done per unit charge in bringing a positive test charge from infinity to that point in the electric field. The electric potential is represented by the symbol V and is measured in units of volts (V).

Work Done:
When a unit positive charge is brought from infinity to a point inside an electric field, work is done against the electric field. The work done is given by the equation:

Work = Force × Distance × cos(θ)

Since the charge is unaccelerated, the force acting on it is equal and opposite to the force exerted by the electric field. Therefore, the work done can be simplified to:

Work = -Force × Distance

The negative sign indicates that work is done against the electric field. The work done is equal to the change in electric potential energy of the charge. Therefore, the electric potential at that point can be calculated by dividing the work done by the charge:

Electric Potential = Work / Charge

Since we are considering a unit positive charge, the electric potential is equal to the work done. Hence, the work done to bring a unit positive charge unaccelerated from infinity to a point inside an electric field is called electric potential.

Summary:
The work done to bring a unit positive charge unaccelerated from infinity to a point inside an electric field is called electric potential. It is a measure of the work done per unit charge in bringing the charge to that point. The electric potential is a scalar quantity and is measured in volts (V).