The stress-strain curves are drawn for two different materials X and ...
Explanation:
The stress-strain curve is a graphical representation of the relationship between stress and strain for a material. It provides information about the mechanical properties of the material, including its strength and ductility.
Ultimate strength point:
The ultimate strength point on the stress-strain curve represents the maximum stress that a material can withstand before it starts to deform plastically or undergo permanent deformation. It is the point where the material begins to experience necking, which is a localized reduction in cross-sectional area.
Fracture point:
The fracture point on the stress-strain curve represents the stress at which the material finally breaks or fractures. It is the point where the material fails completely and loses its load-carrying capacity.
Material X:
If the ultimate strength point and the fracture point are close to each other for material X, it indicates that the material has a high ductility. Ductility is the ability of a material to undergo large plastic deformation before fracturing. In this case, the material can withstand high levels of stress without breaking and can undergo significant plastic deformation.
Material Y:
If the ultimate strength point and the fracture point are far apart for material Y, it indicates that the material has low ductility and is brittle. Brittle materials, unlike ductile materials, have little or no plastic deformation before fracturing. They undergo very little or no necking and fail abruptly once the stress exceeds the ultimate strength.
Conclusion:
Based on the observation that the ultimate strength point and the fracture point are close to each other for material X and far apart for material Y, we can conclude that material X is likely to be ductile, while material Y is likely to be brittle. Therefore, the correct answer is option B: brittle and ductile.
The stress-strain curves are drawn for two different materials X and ...
Fracture point and ultimate strength point is close for material X, hence X is brittle in nature and both points are far apart for material Y hence it is ductile.
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