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What kind of movement was launched by the tribal peasants of Gudem Hills in Andhra Pradesh?
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What kind of movement was launched by the tribal peasants of Gudem Hil...
Introduction

The tribal peasants of Gudem Hills launched a movement in Andhra Pradesh in the early 1920s. The movement was known as the Gudem Hills Movement or the Girijan Movement. It was a response to the exploitation of the tribal peasants by the landlords and moneylenders.

Causes of the Gudem Hills Movement

The Gudem Hills Movement had several causes which included:

  • The exploitation of the tribal peasants by the landlords and moneylenders

  • The imposition of high taxes on the peasants by the British government

  • The failure of the government to provide basic amenities to the tribal peasants like healthcare, education, and sanitation

  • The tribal peasants were forced to work as bonded laborers in the fields of the landlords and moneylenders



Objectives of the Gudem Hills Movement

The Gudem Hills Movement had the following objectives:

  • To free the tribal peasants from the clutches of the landlords and moneylenders

  • To demand a reduction in taxes imposed on the peasants by the British government

  • To demand the provision of basic amenities to the tribal peasants like healthcare, education, and sanitation

  • To demand the abolition of bonded labor



Leaders of the Gudem Hills Movement

The Gudem Hills Movement was led by Alluri Sitarama Raju. He was a charismatic leader who mobilized the tribal peasants to fight for their rights. He was assisted by several other leaders like Gam Malludora, Chittibabu, and Korra Sattibabu.

Methods of the Gudem Hills Movement

The Gudem Hills Movement used several methods to achieve its objectives, which included:

  • Organizing protests and demonstrations against the landlords and moneylenders

  • Boycotting the landlords and moneylenders

  • Burning the records of the landlords and moneylenders

  • Attacking the police stations and government offices



Outcome of the Gudem Hills Movement

The Gudem Hills Movement was successful in achieving its objectives. The British government was forced to reduce the taxes imposed on the tribal peasants and provide them with basic amenities like healthcare, education, and sanitation. Bonded labor was also abolished. The movement inspired other peasant movements in the country and played a significant role in the freedom struggle.
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Read the source given below and answer the questions that follows:In the countryside, rich peasant communities – like the Patidars of Gujarat and the Jats of Uttar Pradesh – were active in the movement. Being producers of commercial crops, they were very hard hit by the trade depression and falling prices. As their cash income disappeared, they found it impossible to pay the government’s revenue demand. And the refusal of the government to reduce the revenue demand led to widespread resentment. These rich peasants became enthusiastic supporters of the Civil Disobedience Movement, organising their communities, and at times forcing reluctant members to participate in the boycott programmes. For them the fight for swaraj was a struggle against high revenues. But they were deeply disappointed when the movement was called off in 1931 without the revenue rates being revised. So, when the movement was restarted in 1932, many of them refused to participate. The poorer peasantry were not just interested in the lowering of the revenue demand. Many of them were small tenants cultivating land they had rented from landlords. As the Depression continued and cash incomes dwindled, the small tenants found it difficult to pay their rent. They wanted the unpaid rent to the landlord to be remitted. They joined a variety of radical movements, often led by Socialists and Communists. Apprehensive of raising issues that might upset the rich peasants and landlords, the Congress was unwilling to support ‘no rent’ campaigns in most places. So, the relationship between the poor peasants and the Congress remained uncertain.Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate optionQ. Patidars and Jats are rich Peasants of which State?

Read the source given below and answer the questions that follows:In the countryside, rich peasant communities – like the Patidars of Gujarat and the Jats of Uttar Pradesh – were active in the movement. Being producers of commercial crops, they were very hard hit by the trade depression and falling prices. As their cash income disappeared, they found it impossible to pay the government’s revenue demand. And the refusal of the government to reduce the revenue demand led to widespread resentment. These rich peasants became enthusiastic supporters of the Civil Disobedience Movement, organising their communities, and at times forcing reluctant members to participate in the boycott programmes. For them the fight for swaraj was a struggle against high revenues. But they were deeply disappointed when the movement was called off in 1931 without the revenue rates being revised. So, when the movement was restarted in 1932, many of them refused to participate. The poorer peasantry were not just interested in the lowering of the revenue demand. Many of them were small tenants cultivating land they had rented from landlords. As the Depression continued and cash incomes dwindled, the small tenants found it difficult to pay their rent. They wanted the unpaid rent to the landlord to be remitted. They joined a variety of radical movements, often led by Socialists and Communists. Apprehensive of raising issues that might upset the rich peasants and landlords, the Congress was unwilling to support ‘no rent’ campaigns in most places. So, the relationship between the poor peasants and the Congress remained uncertain.Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate optionPatidars and Jats are rich Peasants of which State?

Read the source given below and answer the questions that follows:In the countryside, rich peasant communities – like the Patidars of Gujarat and the Jats of Uttar Pradesh – were active in the movement. Being producers of commercial crops, they were very hard hit by the trade depression and falling prices. As their cash income disappeared, they found it impossible to pay the government’s revenue demand. And the refusal of the government to reduce the revenue demand led to widespread resentment. These rich peasants became enthusiastic supporters of the Civil Disobedience Movement, organising their communities, and at times forcing reluctant members to participate in the boycott programmes. For them the fight for swaraj was a struggle against high revenues. But they were deeply disappointed when the movement was called off in 1931 without the revenue rates being revised. So, when the movement was restarted in 1932, many of them refused to participate. The poorer peasantry were not just interested in the lowering of the revenue demand. Many of them were small tenants cultivating land they had rented from landlords. As the Depression continued and cash incomes dwindled, the small tenants found it difficult to pay their rent. They wanted the unpaid rent to the landlord to be remitted. They joined a variety of radical movements, often led by Socialists and Communists. Apprehensive of raising issues that might upset the rich peasants and landlords, the Congress was unwilling to support ‘no rent’ campaigns in most places. So, the relationship between the poor peasants and the Congress remained uncertain.Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate optionQ. Who led the Peasants Movement in Awadh?

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