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In the context of international affairs of British India, which one of the following is correct about Lord Auckland‟s Forward Policy?
  • a)
    He wanted England and Russia to become friends against China.
  • b)
    He wanted to create Afghanistan a British friendly buffer State to counter Russian expansionism in the Central Asia.
  • c)
    He advocated for non-interference in the internal matters of Burma, Nepal and Bhutan.
  • d)
    He followed a combative approach for Tibet to counter Russia‟s rising influence in the reason.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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In the context of international affairs of British India, which one of...
  • At the time Auckland came to India as Governor-General in 1836, there were alarming reports from Teheran about Russian advances. Russian ambition in Central Asia dates from the acquisition of Georgia in 1801. The Russo-Persian wars of 1811-13 and 1826-28 greatly humbled Persia and she was compelled to surrender important territories round the Caspian Sea to Russia besides being forbidden to keep armed vessels in that sea.
  • Russian influence replaced British influence in Persia and thwarted an English scheme for the establishment of a new route by the Euphrates river to India. The increased Russian influence in Persia after the Treaty of Turkomanchai (1828) alarmed English mind about possible Russian design on India. There was a search for a 'scientific frontier'. The passes of the north-west seemed to hold the keys to the gateway of India. It was felt that Afghanistan should be under the control of a friendly prince. The politicians of the day felt that the fall of Herat meant, for both political and geographical reasons, the removal of the last barrier on any possible march to India. Both Lord Palmerston, British Foreign Secretary, and Auckland advocated a Forward Policy and thought in terms of bringing Afghanistan within their political ambit and signed a Tripartite treaty(June 1938) with Shah Suja and Ranjit Singh. The treaty provided that Shah Shuja would be reinstated on the throne of Kabul with the armed assistance of the Sikhs.
  • The Company was to remain in the background jingling the money bag'. In return Shah Shuja bound himself to conduct his foreign relations with the advice of the English and the Sikhs; he further recognised the Maharaja's claims over the afghan territories on the right bank of the Indus and also gave up his sovereign rights over the Amirs of Sind in return for a large sum of money. Hence option (b) is the correct answer.
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Passage 2The USA officially ended its 3 year old surge in Afghanistan. The surge was the tactical employment of 30000 additional troops with the purpose of giving the government of Hamid Karzai enough security to build an Afghan National Army and bring the Taliban to the negotiating table.The end of the surge marks the end of the USA willingness to militarily support a liberal and progressive Kabul regime. Nation building, as it were, is no longer part of the international agenda regarding Afghanistan.It is important not to assume that Afghanistan will inevitably become a Taliban playground as the USA withdrawal continues. The USA is likely to keep several thousand Special Forces soldiers and a fleet of drones in Afghanistan for years to come. The Karzai government will receive several billion dollars a year in foreign assistance.The sense is a stalemate. Neither Mr Karzai nor the Taliban can win. But there is also no evidence that Kabul is in a position to constructively bring the insurgents to the negotiating table- one of the unfulfilled goals of the surge. This means that the USA withdrawal is likely to be accompanied by more violence.As the USA disengages, the main external player will increasingly become Pakistan, but Afghanistan today will be a lot harder to control for Rawalpindi than it was in the 1980s- this is the centre of the Afghan dilemma when it comes to India. Pakistan wants security guarantees regarding Afghanistan that would convert Kabul into a vassal State. Indias desire is for a Kabul that is not dominated by Islamists.Bridging the gap between Pakistani paranoia and Indian interests will be crucial to place Afghanistan on an even keel. This will be determined on the battlefield partially vacated by the USA. India is unwilling to be involved through boots on the ground. But there are several ways it should seek to ensure that a USA withdrawal doesnot mean an Afghan terrain that tilts in the direction of the Taliban closest to Pakistan.Q.What is the difference between the interests of India and Pakistan with reference to Afghanistan?

Passage 2The USA officially ended its 3 year old surge in Afghanistan. The surge was the tactical employment of 30000 additional troops with the purpose of giving the government of Hamid Karzai enough security to build an Afghan National Army and bring the Taliban to the negotiating table.The end of the surge marks the end of the USA willingness to militarily support a liberal and progressive Kabul regime. Nation building, as it were, is no longer part of the international agenda regarding Afghanistan.It is important not to assume that Afghanistan will inevitably become a Taliban playground as the USA withdrawal continues. The USA is likely to keep several thousand Special Forces soldiers and a fleet of drones in Afghanistan for years to come. The Karzai government will receive several billion dollars a year in foreign assistance.The sense is a stalemate. Neither Mr Karzai nor the Taliban can win. But there is also no evidence that Kabul is in a position to constructively bring the insurgents to the negotiating table- one of the unfulfilled goals of the surge. This means that the USA withdrawal is likely to be accompanied by more violence.As the USA disengages, the main external player will increasingly become Pakistan, but Afghanistan today will be a lot harder to control for Rawalpindi than it was in the 1980s- this is the centre of the Afghan dilemma when it comes to India. Pakistan wants security guarantees regarding Afghanistan that would convert Kabul into a vassal State. Indias desire is for a Kabul that is not dominated by Islamists.Bridging the gap between Pakistani paranoia and Indian interests will be crucial to place Afghanistan on an even keel. This will be determined on the battlefield partially vacated by the USA. India is unwilling to be involved through boots on the ground. But there are several ways it should seek to ensure that a USA withdrawal doesnot mean an Afghan terrain that tilts in the direction of the Taliban closest to Pakistan.Q.Consider the following statements:1. The strengthening of the Afghan nation was an objective of the USA.2. Afghanistan is doomed to fight a lone battle with the Taliban.With reference to the above passage, which ofthe following assumptions is/are valid?

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In the context of international affairs of British India, which one of the following is correct about Lord Aucklands Forward Policy?a)He wanted England and Russia to become friends against China.b)He wanted to create Afghanistan a British friendly buffer State to counter Russian expansionism in the Central Asia.c)He advocated for non-interference in the internal matters of Burma, Nepal and Bhutan.d)He followed a combative approach for Tibet to counter Russias rising influence in the reason.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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In the context of international affairs of British India, which one of the following is correct about Lord Aucklands Forward Policy?a)He wanted England and Russia to become friends against China.b)He wanted to create Afghanistan a British friendly buffer State to counter Russian expansionism in the Central Asia.c)He advocated for non-interference in the internal matters of Burma, Nepal and Bhutan.d)He followed a combative approach for Tibet to counter Russias rising influence in the reason.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? for UPSC 2024 is part of UPSC preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus. Information about In the context of international affairs of British India, which one of the following is correct about Lord Aucklands Forward Policy?a)He wanted England and Russia to become friends against China.b)He wanted to create Afghanistan a British friendly buffer State to counter Russian expansionism in the Central Asia.c)He advocated for non-interference in the internal matters of Burma, Nepal and Bhutan.d)He followed a combative approach for Tibet to counter Russias rising influence in the reason.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for UPSC 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for In the context of international affairs of British India, which one of the following is correct about Lord Aucklands Forward Policy?a)He wanted England and Russia to become friends against China.b)He wanted to create Afghanistan a British friendly buffer State to counter Russian expansionism in the Central Asia.c)He advocated for non-interference in the internal matters of Burma, Nepal and Bhutan.d)He followed a combative approach for Tibet to counter Russias rising influence in the reason.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?.
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