Consider the following pairs related to ultra-processed foods (UPFs) ...
1. Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) - Reduce oxidative stress: Incorrect. Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) actually contribute to oxidative stress, which is an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants, leading to inflammation and cellular damage.
2. Ultra-processed foods - High in fiber and low in calories: Incorrect. Ultra-processed foods are typically low in fiber and high in calories, which can lead to weight gain and obesity, both of which are significant risk factors for diabetes.
3. Additives in UPFs - May contribute to inflammation: Correct. Additives like preservatives, artificial colors, sweeteners, and emulsifiers found in ultra-processed foods may negatively impact health and contribute to inflammation, gut imbalances, and metabolic disorders.
4. Dietary interventions with low-AGE foods - Improve insulin sensitivity: Correct. Dietary interventions focusing on low-AGE foods have shown to improve insulin sensitivity and reduce inflammation compared to high-AGE diets, thus potentially lowering the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
Thus, pairs 3 and 4 are correctly matched.