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Describe the distribution of coal in india
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Describe the distribution of coal in india?
In India coal deposits are found mainly of two geological ages –
1. Gondwana coal deposits, which are about 200 million years old. The major coal deposits in India are Gondwana coal which are metallurgical coal and are located in Damodar Valley (West Bengal, Jharkhand). These constitute mainly Jharia, Dhanbad, Ranigunj, and Bokaro coal fields. Besides, the Godavari, Mahanadi, Son and Wardha valley also contain coal deposits.
2. Tertiary coal deposits which are around 55 million years old. Tertiary coal deposits are found in the North-Eastern states of Meghalaya, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland.
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Describe the distribution of coal in india?
Distribution of Coal in India


India is one of the largest producers and consumers of coal in the world. Coal is a crucial energy resource in the country and plays a significant role in meeting the energy demands of various sectors. The distribution of coal in India is mainly concentrated in the following regions:


1. Damodar Valley



  • The Damodar Valley region is one of the most important coal-producing areas in India.

  • It is located in the eastern part of the country and covers the states of Jharkhand and West Bengal.

  • The coal found in this region is of high quality and is used for various purposes, including power generation, steel production, and cement manufacturing.



2. Jharia Coalfields



  • The Jharia coalfields are located in Jharkhand and are one of the largest coalfields in India.

  • The coal found in this region is of high quality and is used for various purposes.

  • The region is known for its underground coal fires, which have been burning for over a century.



3. Singrauli Coalfield



  • The Singrauli coalfield is located in the northern part of the country and covers the states of Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh.

  • The coal found in this region is mainly used for power generation and is of good quality.

  • The region is home to several major power plants and is an important energy hub in the country.



4. Talcher Coalfield



  • The Talcher coalfield is located in the eastern part of India and covers the state of Odisha.

  • The coal found in this region is mainly used for power generation and is of good quality.

  • The region is home to several major power plants and is an important energy hub in the country.



5. North Karanpura Coalfield



  • The North Karanpura coalfield is located in the eastern part of India and covers the state of Jharkhand.

  • The coal found in this region is of good quality and is used for various purposes, including power generation and steel production.

  • The region is also home to several major power plants and is an important energy hub in the country.



Overall, the distribution of coal in India is mainly concentrated in the eastern and central parts of the country. These regions are home to several major coalfields and are important energy hubs in the country.
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Read the extract and answer the questions that follows:In India, coal is the most abundantly available fossil fuel. It provides a substantial part of the nation’s energy needs. It is used for power generation, to supply energy to industry as well as for domestic needs. India is highly dependent on coal for meeting its commercial energy requirements. As you are already aware that coal is formed due the compression of plant material over millions of years. Coal, therefore, is found in a variety of forms depending on the degrees of compression and the depth and time of burial. Decaying plants in swamps produce peat which has a low carbon and high moisture contents and low heating capacity. Lignite is a low grade brown coal, which is soft with high moisture content. The principal lignite reserves are in Neyveli in Tamil Nadu and are used for generation of electricity. Coal that has been buried deep and subjected to increased temperatures is bituminous coal. It is the most popular coal in commercial use. Metallurgical coal is high grade bituminous coal which has a special value for smelting iron in blast furnaces. Anthracite is the highest quality hard coal. In India coal occurs in rock series of two main geological ages, namely Gondwana, a little over 200 million years in age and in tertiary deposits which are only about 55 million years old. The major resources of Gondwana coal, which are metallurgical coal, are located in Damodar valley (West Bengal-Jharkhan d). Jharia, Raniganj, Bokaro are important coalfields. The Godavari, Mahanadi, Son and Wardha valleys also contain coal deposits. Tertiary coals occur in the north eastern states of Meghalaya, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland. Remember coal is a bulky material, which loses weight on use as it is reduced to ash. Hence, heavy industries and thermal power stations are located on or near the coalfields.Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option.Q. Where are the principal lignite reserves?

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