Presence of large number of alveoli around alveolar ducts opening into...
Alveoli is a characteristic feature of mammalian lungs. The pulmonary alveoli from the terminal ends of the respiratory tree and from these the branches out the alveolar sacs and ducts which act as efficient sites for gaseous exchange. Besides the epithelial layer and extracellular matrix, these contain collagen and elastic fibres. which stretch as the alveoli are filled with air and spring back to expel carbon dioxide during exhalation. Though, a small amount of air is always present which prevents the lungs from collapsing.
So, the correct option is 'An efficient system of ventilation with little residual air'.
Presence of large number of alveoli around alveolar ducts opening into...
Presence of large number of alveoli around alveolar ducts opening into bronchioles in mammalian lungs is an efficient system of ventilation with little residual air.
Introduction:
The mammalian respiratory system is adapted for efficient gas exchange. The lungs are the primary organs responsible for this process, and they consist of various structures, including bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli. The presence of a large number of alveoli around the alveolar ducts opening into bronchioles is crucial for efficient ventilation.
Efficient gas exchange:
- Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs that are the site of gas exchange. They are surrounded by a dense network of capillaries, allowing for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and blood.
- The large number of alveoli increases the surface area available for gas exchange. This increased surface area allows for a greater amount of oxygen to be absorbed into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide to be released from the bloodstream.
- The close proximity of alveoli to the capillaries ensures that the diffusion distance for gases is minimal, facilitating rapid and efficient exchange.
Residual air:
- Residual air refers to the air that remains in the lungs after expiration. It is important to note that even during forceful expiration, some air remains in the alveoli to maintain their patency and prevent their collapse.
- The presence of a large number of alveoli around the alveolar ducts reduces the amount of residual air. This is because the increased number of alveoli allows for better ventilation and more efficient exchange of gases.
- Efficient ventilation ensures that fresh air is constantly brought into the alveoli, replacing the residual air and maximizing the exchange of gases.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, the presence of a large number of alveoli around the alveolar ducts opening into bronchioles in mammalian lungs is an efficient system of ventilation with little residual air. This arrangement increases the surface area available for gas exchange and facilitates rapid diffusion of gases. It also minimizes the amount of residual air, ensuring that fresh air is constantly brought in for efficient gas exchange.
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