Dehiscence of Moss Capsule

Mosses are non-vascular plants that reproduce by spores. They have a capsule (sporophyte) that contains spores. The capsule has a lid-like structure called the operculum, which covers an opening called the peristome. The peristome is surrounded by a ring of teeth called the annulus.

Dehiscence is the process of opening or splitting of a structure to release its contents. In mosses, dehiscence of the capsule takes place to release spores for reproduction.

Answer Explanation

The correct answer is option 'C', which states that the dehiscence of moss capsule takes place by the rupture of the calyptra.

Calyptra is a cap-like structure that covers the apex of the capsule in mosses. It is formed by the remains of the archegonium, which is the female reproductive structure. The calyptra protects the capsule and falls off during dehiscence.

During dehiscence, the capsule dries out and the pressure inside the capsule increases. The calyptra bursts open, exposing the peristome and the annulus. The annulus contracts and the teeth move apart, creating an opening for the spores to be released.

Conclusion

Dehiscence of the moss capsule is an important process in the reproduction of mosses. The rupture of the calyptra triggers the opening of the capsule and the release of spores. This process ensures the dispersal of spores for the growth and development of new moss plants.