Thermostable DNA polymerase is isolated from bacterium______.a)Rhizobiumb)Salmonella typhiic)Thermus aquaticusd)Escherichia coliCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

Thermostable DNA Pol is obtained from thermophylus bacteria, which remain active at high temperature

Answer

Thermostable DNA is obtained from Themococcus aquaticus. because this bacteria is found in very hot regions. that's why it has adaptation to survive at very high temp.
that's why its DNA is used in PCR also.

Answer

Thermostable DNA polymerase is isolated from bacterium Thermus aquaticus.

Explanation:

The correct bacterium from which thermostable DNA polymerase is isolated is Thermus aquaticus. This bacterium is commonly found in hot springs and hydrothermal vents, where temperatures can reach up to 70-75°C. It is known for its ability to survive and thrive in extreme environments.

Importance of Thermostable DNA Polymerase:

Thermostable DNA polymerase is an essential enzyme in molecular biology as it is able to withstand high temperatures without denaturing. It is widely used in techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) where repetitive cycles of heating and cooling are required.

PCR and DNA Polymerase:

PCR is a technique used to amplify specific regions of DNA. During the amplification process, the DNA strands are separated by heating, and then short DNA primers anneal to the target sequences. DNA polymerase then extends the primers, synthesizing complementary DNA strands. This process is repeated multiple times to amplify the desired DNA region.

Need for Thermostable DNA Polymerase:

Regular DNA polymerases obtained from most organisms are not suitable for PCR reactions because they are denatured at high temperatures. Therefore, thermostable DNA polymerase, such as the one isolated from Thermus aquaticus, is used in PCR reactions to ensure the enzyme remains active throughout the heating and cooling cycles.

Discovery of Taq Polymerase:

In the early 1980s, Dr. Kary Mullis developed the PCR technique but faced challenges with the heat-stable DNA polymerase required for the process. It was then that the DNA polymerase from Thermus aquaticus, known as Taq polymerase, was discovered. Taq polymerase revolutionized PCR and became an essential tool in molecular biology research.

Conclusion:

Thermostable DNA polymerase isolated from the bacterium Thermus aquaticus is a crucial enzyme for PCR and other DNA amplification techniques. Its ability to withstand high temperatures without denaturing allows for the successful amplification of DNA in molecular biology experiments.

Similar NEET Doubts

Plasmid used to construct the first recombinant DNA was isolated from which bacterium species?

Which of the following statement is incorrect with respect to polymerase chain reaction?

Enzyme Taq polymerase used in PCR, has been isolated from bacterium ________.

In addition to the Taq polymerase enzyme, which other thermostable DNA polymerases have been isolated to be used in a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?

Can you explain the answer of this question below:Genetic recombination through transduction was first discovered in bacteriumA:Agrobacterium tumefaciensB:Escherichia coliC:Salmonella typhimuriumD:Diplococcus pneumoniaeThe answer is c.

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