Linnaeus was a Swedish botanist who is known as the father of modern taxonomy. He introduced the system of classification, which is still used today. This system is based on the organization of organisms into groups based on their physical characteristics. Linnaeus classified organisms into two kingdoms - Plantae and Animalia. He further divided these kingdoms into smaller groups based on their physical characteristics.

Artificial System of Classification:

The system of classification used by Linnaeus is known as the artificial system of classification. This system is based on the physical characteristics of organisms, such as their morphology, anatomy, and physiology. In this system, organisms are classified into groups based on their similarities and differences in physical characteristics. The artificial system is based on a set of rules that are established by the taxonomist. This system is useful for identifying and classifying organisms based on their physical characteristics.

Advantages of Artificial System of Classification:

1. Easy to use: The artificial system is easy to use and can be applied to a wide range of organisms.

2. Simple: This system is simple and straightforward, making it easy to understand and learn.

3. Useful for identification: The artificial system is useful for the identification and classification of organisms based on their physical characteristics.

Disadvantages of Artificial System of Classification:

1. Limited information: The artificial system is based on limited information about the organisms. It does not take into account the evolutionary relationships between organisms.

2. Lack of consistency: There is a lack of consistency in the classification of organisms using the artificial system. Different taxonomists may classify organisms differently based on their own criteria.

3. Not useful for evolutionary studies: The artificial system is not useful for evolutionary studies, as it does not provide any information about the evolutionary relationships between organisms.

Conclusion:

The system of classification used by Linnaeus was an artificial system. This system is based on the physical characteristics of organisms and is useful for identifying and classifying organisms based on their physical characteristics. However, it has its limitations, and it is not useful for evolutionary studies.