A machine member is subjected to fluctuating stress σ = σ0...
Fluctuating stress,
σ = σ
ocos(8πt)
σ
max = σ
oσmin =–σ
oσ
e = 350 MPa
FOS = 3.5
From strength criteria,
σ
o ≤ 100 MPa
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A machine member is subjected to fluctuating stress σ = σ0...
And strain conditions. This can lead to fatigue failure of the machine member over time.
When a machine member is subjected to fluctuating stress and strain conditions, it experiences cyclic loading. This cyclic loading can cause the material to undergo repeated cycles of elastic deformation, plastic deformation, and eventually fatigue failure.
Fatigue failure occurs when the machine member fails under cyclic loading conditions, even though the applied stress levels may be below the material's ultimate strength. This is because the repeated loading and unloading cycles cause microscopic cracks to form and propagate within the material.
These cracks can initiate at stress concentration points or other weak spots in the machine member. As the cyclic loading continues, these cracks grow and eventually lead to catastrophic failure.
To prevent fatigue failure, engineers take several measures. They can design the machine member with appropriate safety factors, ensure a smooth and well-finished surface to reduce stress concentration, and use materials with high fatigue strength.
Additionally, engineers may perform fatigue analysis and testing to estimate the fatigue life of the machine member under specific loading conditions. This helps in determining the expected lifespan of the machine member and allows for necessary maintenance or replacement before failure occurs.
In summary, fluctuating stress and strain conditions can lead to fatigue failure of machine members. Understanding the fatigue behavior of materials and implementing appropriate design and maintenance practices can help prevent such failures and ensure the longevity and reliability of the machine.