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Which one of the following compounds is prepared in the laboratory from benzene by substitution reaction?
- a)Glyoxal
- b)Cyclohexane
- c)Acetophenone
- d)Hexa bromo-cyclohexanal
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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Benzene is a commonly used starting material for the synthesis of various organic compounds. One of the methods to prepare compounds from benzene is through substitution reactions. Among the given options, acetophenone is the compound that can be prepared in the laboratory from benzene by a substitution reaction.
Explanation:
Substitution reactions involve the replacement of one or more atoms or groups in a molecule with another atom or group. In the case of benzene, substitution reactions often occur at the reactive positions on the aromatic ring.
Acetophenone, also known as phenyl methyl ketone, is an organic compound with the formula C6H5C(O)CH3. It can be prepared from benzene by the following steps:
1. Nitration: Benzene undergoes nitration with the help of nitric acid (HNO3) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) as a catalyst. This reaction introduces a nitro group (-NO2) into the benzene ring, producing nitrobenzene.
- Nitrobenzene: C6H6 + HNO3 -> C6H5NO2 + H2O
2. Reduction: Nitrobenzene is then reduced by using a reducing agent, such as iron and hydrochloric acid (Fe/HCl), to convert the nitro group (-NO2) into an amino group (-NH2).
- Aniline: C6H5NO2 + 6H2 -> C6H5NH2 + 2H2O
3. Acetylation: Aniline is further reacted with acetic anhydride (CH3CO)2O and a catalyst, such as concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4), to form acetophenone.
- Acetophenone: C6H5NH2 + (CH3CO)2O -> C6H5C(O)CH3 + CH3COOH
Therefore, acetophenone can be prepared in the laboratory from benzene by a series of substitution reactions involving nitration, reduction, and acetylation.
Overall reaction: C6H6 + HNO3 -> C6H5NO2 + H2O -> C6H5NH2 + 2H2O -> C6H5C(O)CH3 + CH3COOH
Hence, the correct answer is option C) Acetophenone.
Explanation:
Substitution reactions involve the replacement of one or more atoms or groups in a molecule with another atom or group. In the case of benzene, substitution reactions often occur at the reactive positions on the aromatic ring.
Acetophenone, also known as phenyl methyl ketone, is an organic compound with the formula C6H5C(O)CH3. It can be prepared from benzene by the following steps:
1. Nitration: Benzene undergoes nitration with the help of nitric acid (HNO3) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) as a catalyst. This reaction introduces a nitro group (-NO2) into the benzene ring, producing nitrobenzene.
- Nitrobenzene: C6H6 + HNO3 -> C6H5NO2 + H2O
2. Reduction: Nitrobenzene is then reduced by using a reducing agent, such as iron and hydrochloric acid (Fe/HCl), to convert the nitro group (-NO2) into an amino group (-NH2).
- Aniline: C6H5NO2 + 6H2 -> C6H5NH2 + 2H2O
3. Acetylation: Aniline is further reacted with acetic anhydride (CH3CO)2O and a catalyst, such as concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4), to form acetophenone.
- Acetophenone: C6H5NH2 + (CH3CO)2O -> C6H5C(O)CH3 + CH3COOH
Therefore, acetophenone can be prepared in the laboratory from benzene by a series of substitution reactions involving nitration, reduction, and acetylation.
Overall reaction: C6H6 + HNO3 -> C6H5NO2 + H2O -> C6H5NH2 + 2H2O -> C6H5C(O)CH3 + CH3COOH
Hence, the correct answer is option C) Acetophenone.
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Which one of the following compounds is prepared in the laboratory from benzene by substitution reaction?a) Glyoxal b) Cyclohexane c) Acetophenone d) Hexa bromo-cyclohexanal Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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