Gallic acid is obtained from plant sources, such as gallnut and sumac. It is also produced by certain microorganisms as a secondary metabolite.

Microbial Sources of Gallic Acid:

1. Pseudomonas species: Some strains of Pseudomonas bacteria are capable of producing gallic acid through the degradation of tannins.

2. Penicillium purpurogenum: This fungus is known to produce gallic acid from gallic acid esters.

3. Aspergillus niger: This filamentous fungus is capable of producing gallic acid from tannic acid.

4. Streptomyces species: Several strains of Streptomyces bacteria have been reported to produce gallic acid through the oxidation of gallic acid esters.

Plant Sources of Gallic Acid:

1. Gallnut: The gallnut, also known as the oak apple, is a round, hard, woody growth that forms on oak trees in response to insect bites or other injuries. It contains high levels of tannins, which can be hydrolyzed to release gallic acid.

2. Sumac: The sumac plant is another rich source of gallic acid. It contains high levels of tannins, which can be extracted and hydrolyzed to release gallic acid.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, gallic acid can be obtained from both plant and microbial sources. While certain bacteria and fungi are capable of producing gallic acid, it is primarily sourced from plants such as gallnut and sumac.

I think its (3) Aspergillus Niger.