Factors Contributing to Nationalism in India:

1. British Imperialism:
The British imperialism in India was the major factor contributing to the rise of nationalism in India. The British colonial rule in India was exploitative and discriminatory, which led to the economic, social, and political deprivation of the Indian people. This exploitation ignited the nationalistic feeling among Indians to fight for their rights and independence.

2. Vernacular Press Act:
The Vernacular Press Act was passed by the British government in 1878, which curtailed the freedom of the press in India. This act was aimed at suppressing the nationalistic views of the Indian press. However, it had the opposite effect, as it led to the growth of a nationalist press that promoted the cause of Indian independence.

3. Formation of Indian National Congress:
The Indian National Congress was formed in 1885, which became the voice of the Indian people against the British rule. The Congress played a significant role in the growth of nationalism in India by organizing various movements and protests against the British colonial rule.

4. Influence of Western Ideas:
The influence of Western ideas such as democracy, freedom, and equality also contributed to the growth of nationalism in India. The educated middle class, who were exposed to Western education and ideas, played a crucial role in the nationalist movement.

5. Impact of World War I:
The impact of World War I also contributed to the growth of nationalism in India. The Indian soldiers who fought alongside the British in the war were exposed to the ideas of freedom and democracy. This exposure led to the growth of a nationalistic feeling among them, which they brought back to India.

6. Role of National Leaders:
The role of national leaders such as Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Sardar Patel, and Subhash Chandra Bose also played a significant role in the growth of nationalism in India. These leaders inspired and mobilized the Indian people to fight for their rights and independence.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the growth of nationalism in India was a result of various factors, including the British imperialism, the Vernacular Press Act, the formation of the Indian National Congress, the influence of Western ideas, the impact of World War I, and the role of national leaders. These factors contributed to the growth of a nationalistic feeling among the Indian people, leading to the eventual independence of India from British rule.

Before the middle of the nineteenth century, the countries in Europe were not in the form as we know them today. Different regions in Europe were ruled by various multi-national dynastic empires. These were monarchies which enjoyed absolute power over their subjects. Various technological and the ensuing social changes helped in developing the ideas of nationalism. The process of creation of nation states began in 1789; with the French Revolution. It took about hundred years for the idea to gain concrete shape which resulted in the formation of France as a democratic nation state. The trend was followed in other parts of the Europe and led to the establishment of the modern democratic systems in most parts of the world; at the beginning of 20th century.