Normality of a Solution obtained by Mixing 0.45N and 0.60N in the Ratio 2:1 by Volume

To determine the normality of a solution obtained by mixing solutions of different normalities, we need to consider the concept of equivalents. Equivalent is a measure of the reactive capacity of a substance.

Step 1: Calculate the Number of Equivalents in Each Solution
First, we need to calculate the number of equivalents in each solution. The formula to calculate the number of equivalents is:

Number of Equivalents = Normality × Volume (in liters)

Given:
Normality of the first solution (0.45N) = 0.45N
Normality of the second solution (0.60N) = 0.60N
Ratio of the first and second solutions = 2:1
Let's assume the volume of the first solution is 2x and the volume of the second solution is x.

Number of Equivalents in the first solution = 0.45N × 2x
Number of Equivalents in the second solution = 0.60N × x

Step 2: Determine the Total Number of Equivalents
To determine the total number of equivalents, we add the number of equivalents from both solutions.

Total Number of Equivalents = Number of Equivalents in the first solution + Number of Equivalents in the second solution
= 0.45N × 2x + 0.60N × x

Step 3: Calculate the Total Volume of the Solution
To calculate the total volume of the solution, we add the volumes of both solutions.

Total Volume of the Solution = Volume of the first solution + Volume of the second solution
= 2x + x

Step 4: Calculate the Normality of the Mixed Solution
The normality of the mixed solution can be calculated using the formula:

Normality = Total Number of Equivalents / Total Volume of the Solution

Normality = (0.45N × 2x + 0.60N × x) / (2x + x)

Simplifying the expression:

Normality = (0.9Nx + 0.6Nx) / 3x
= (1.5Nx) / 3x
= 0.5N

Therefore, the normality of the solution obtained by mixing 0.45N and 0.60N in the ratio 2:1 by volume is 0.5N.