One statement on Charavaka philosophy is NOT correct. Identify that on...
Incorrect Statement: c) Besides perception, there are other means of valid knowledge, important among them being inference.
Explanation:
Charvaka philosophy, also known as Lokayata philosophy, is a materialistic school of thought that originated in ancient India. It rejects the existence of gods and focuses on empirical evidence and sensory perception as the only valid means of knowledge. While the other statements mentioned in the question are consistent with Charvaka philosophy, statement c) is not correct.
Charvaka Philosophy:
Charvaka philosophy is primarily concerned with the pursuit of pleasure and enjoyment in life. It argues that the only purpose of human life is to maximize pleasure and minimize pain. This hedonistic approach is reflected in statement a), which states that enjoyment is the only end of human life.
Rejection of the Existence of Gods:
Charvaka philosophy is known for its atheistic stance. It denies the existence of gods or any supernatural entities. This rejection of the divine is reflected in statement b), which correctly states that gods do not exist according to Charvaka philosophy.
Empirical Evidence and Sensory Perception:
Charvaka philosophy places immense importance on empirical evidence and sensory perception as the sole sources of valid knowledge. According to Charvaka, true knowledge can only be derived from direct sensory experience. This aligns with the statement d), which states that everything that exists is experienced by sensory organs.
Invalidation of Statement c):
The incorrect statement is c), which suggests that besides perception, there are other means of valid knowledge, with inference being an important one. Inference, or logical reasoning based on evidence, is not considered a valid source of knowledge according to Charvaka philosophy. Charvakas argue that inference is fallible and can lead to erroneous conclusions. They emphasize the importance of direct sensory perception and reject any form of knowledge derived through inference.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, the statement that is not correct in relation to Charvaka philosophy is c), which suggests the existence of other means of valid knowledge besides perception, with inference being important among them. Charvaka philosophy rejects the validity of inference as a source of knowledge and places sole emphasis on sensory perception and empirical evidence.