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 With reference to the Swadeshi and Boycott Movement, consider the following statements:
1. The programme of Atmashakti emphasised upon the use of the vernacular language as the medium of instruction in the schools and the political meetings.
2. This Movement marked the rejuvenation of the old Indian traditions in paintings.
3. This Movement failed to reach to the masses and remained confined to the Hindu upper caste and the Bengali elites.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
  • a)
    1 only
  • b)
    2 and 3 only
  • c)
    1 and 3 only
  • d)
    1, 2 and 3 
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Most Upvoted Answer
With reference to the Swadeshi and Boycott Movement, consider the foll...
1. Atmashakti Programme:
- The Atmashakti programme emphasized the use of vernacular languages as the medium of instruction in schools and political meetings. This was aimed at promoting the use of Indian languages and reviving traditional cultural practices.

2. Rejuvenation of Old Indian Traditions:
- The Swadeshi and Boycott Movement marked a resurgence of old Indian traditions in various aspects, including art and paintings. Artists during this period were inspired by traditional Indian styles and themes, leading to a revival of indigenous artistic practices.

3. Reach of the Movement:
- While the Swadeshi and Boycott Movement did attract support from a wide range of people, including Hindu upper castes and Bengali elites, it was not limited to these groups. The movement had a significant impact on various sections of society, including workers, peasants, and women.
Therefore, all the statements given in the question are correct. The Swadeshi and Boycott Movement was a significant phase in India's struggle for independence, encompassing various aspects of Indian society and culture.
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Community Answer
With reference to the Swadeshi and Boycott Movement, consider the foll...
  • Rabindranath, a key proponent of Atmashakti, played a very active role in the struggle between 1905 and early 1907. From the 1890s, the poet had become increasingly aware of the ‘inhumanity’ of the bureaucracy and the deterioration in the relations between the rulers and the ruled, and had vented a mild protest against the Moderate policy of ‘mendicancy’ in several essays published in the journal Sadhana in 1893–94.
  • The poet, for his part, had taken initial steps to promote the indigenous goods, which found greater elaboration in Atmashakti. Atmashakti espoused a move away from the conventional old-style politics in favour of constructive economic and educational work, in order to foster self- reliance. It also addressed the need to build a bridge between the educated classes and the masses, through the use of the vernacular language as a medium of instruction in the schools and the political meetings, promoting folk institutions, such as the Mela and in the work of village reconstruction. The Bengali patriotism of the Swadeshi days brought forth an extremely impressive cultural outcrop.
  • The impact was visible not only in the field of literature and theatre, even music and art got revitalized in novel ways. In the field of art, Abanindranath Tagore and his pupils resisted the ‘traps and temptations of the Western education’ and rejuvenated the Mughal paintings, and made a break with the ‘imitations of the Victorian naturalist taste’ of the late nineteenth century, reflected in the works of Raja Ravi Varma. Abanindranath and several other students of the Calcutta School of Art were inspired by the Orientalist enthusiasm of Kakuzo Okakura, the Japanese art critic and historian. This group experimented with earlier Indian traditions, such as Ajanta, Rajput and Mughal paintings, and with the wash technique of Japan.
  • The particular context of the Swadeshi Movement and Abanindranath’s involvement in it placed him ‘in the full throes of the new artistic mission’. His personal endeavours expanded into a public role and generated a movement around himself. He and his pupils produced art that invoked both a golden past and a kind of oriental naturalism. Parallels between the works of Abanindranath and the Japanese artists highlight the role of ‘mutual participation’ in creating a new art language. Here, the individual markings of the Indian and the Japanese artists were blurred and recast into a composite unit of a modern ‘Oriental’ style.
  • On one hand, there was a turn to extremism and terrorism or militant nationalism, which occasioned a break with the Moderate leaders, and, on the other hand, the increased use of religious symbolism, coercion and social sanction alienated the masses, both the Hindus and the Muslims, of rural Bengal. From 1908–09, when the state carried out the first round of repression, the open Samitis disappeared and ‘terroristic secret societies took their place’. The Movement was constrained by a totally bourgeois base and aspirations. It never managed to incorporate a radical economic programme that could appeal to the peasants and the labourers. Even Aswini Kumar Dutta’s Swadesh Bandhav Samiti had a very minor peasant representation.
  • The Bengali elite dominated the affairs of the village societies. Rabindranath’s Swadeshi Samaj address contained the same strain of offering socio-political solutions from the top to filter downwards. Consequently, despite repeated statements about the need for mass awakening, ‘the Swadeshi Movement of 1905–08 seldom got beyond the confines of the Hindu upper caste, i.e., the Bhdralok groups.
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With reference to the Swadeshi and Boycott Movement, consider the following statements:1. The programme of Atmashakti emphasised upon the use of the vernacular language as the medium of instruction in the schools and the political meetings.2. This Movement marked the rejuvenation of the old Indian traditions in paintings.3. This Movement failed to reach to the masses and remained confined to the Hindu upper caste and the Bengali elites.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?a)1 onlyb)2 and 3 onlyc)1 and 3 onlyd)1, 2 and 3Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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With reference to the Swadeshi and Boycott Movement, consider the following statements:1. The programme of Atmashakti emphasised upon the use of the vernacular language as the medium of instruction in the schools and the political meetings.2. This Movement marked the rejuvenation of the old Indian traditions in paintings.3. This Movement failed to reach to the masses and remained confined to the Hindu upper caste and the Bengali elites.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?a)1 onlyb)2 and 3 onlyc)1 and 3 onlyd)1, 2 and 3Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? for UPSC 2024 is part of UPSC preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus. Information about With reference to the Swadeshi and Boycott Movement, consider the following statements:1. The programme of Atmashakti emphasised upon the use of the vernacular language as the medium of instruction in the schools and the political meetings.2. This Movement marked the rejuvenation of the old Indian traditions in paintings.3. This Movement failed to reach to the masses and remained confined to the Hindu upper caste and the Bengali elites.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?a)1 onlyb)2 and 3 onlyc)1 and 3 onlyd)1, 2 and 3Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for UPSC 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for With reference to the Swadeshi and Boycott Movement, consider the following statements:1. The programme of Atmashakti emphasised upon the use of the vernacular language as the medium of instruction in the schools and the political meetings.2. This Movement marked the rejuvenation of the old Indian traditions in paintings.3. This Movement failed to reach to the masses and remained confined to the Hindu upper caste and the Bengali elites.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?a)1 onlyb)2 and 3 onlyc)1 and 3 onlyd)1, 2 and 3Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?.
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