In this type of federation, a large country divides its power between central & state government... where central government is considered to be more powerful than state government....
Ex:- India, spain etc...
I hope this will helpful.... :)

Federation is a political system where power is shared between a central government and its constituent states or regions. In such a system, there are certain factors that hold together the federation. These factors include:



The constitution is the supreme law of the land in a federation. It sets out the rules and principles of governance, and defines the powers and responsibilities of the central government and the constituent states. The constitution is a binding agreement that holds the federation together by providing a legal framework for the distribution of powers and resources.



Federation is often based on shared values and identity that unite the constituent states. These values may include a common language, culture, religion, or history. In a federation, the people of the constituent states share a sense of belonging and loyalty to the federation as a whole, which contributes to its cohesion and stability.



Federation can provide political and economic benefits to its constituent states. These benefits may include increased representation and influence in national politics, access to a larger market, and the ability to pool resources for common goals. In return, the constituent states agree to abide by the rules and decisions of the central government, which helps to maintain the unity of the federation.



Federation often involves the decentralization of power from the central government to the constituent states. This allows the states to govern themselves to a certain extent, while still remaining part of the federation. Decentralization can help to prevent the concentration of power in the hands of a few, and can promote greater participation and representation in government.



One example of a federation that is held together by these factors is the United States of America. The US has a constitution that defines the powers and responsibilities of the federal government and the states. It also establishes a system of checks and balances to prevent any one branch of government from becoming too powerful.

The US is also based on shared values and identity, such as the belief in democracy, freedom, and equality. These values are enshrined in the Constitution and are reflected in the American way of life.

The US provides political and economic benefits to its constituent states, such as representation in Congress, access to a large national market, and the ability to pool resources for common goals. In return, the states agree to abide by the decisions of the federal government and to work together for the good of the country.

Finally, the US is decentralized, with power shared between the federal government and the states. This allows the states to govern themselves to a certain extent, while still remaining part of the federation. The US has a system of federalism that gives the states significant autonomy in areas such as education, healthcare, and law enforcement.

In conclusion, the factors that hold together a federation include its constitution, shared values and identity, political and economic benefits, and decentralization of power. These factors work together to create a cohesive and stable federation that can provide a framework for effective governance and cooperation among its constituent states.